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Skel rad 4
final flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the most common benign bone tumor | osteochondroma |
| the most common bone malignancy | metastatic disease |
| the most common benign bone tumor of the spine | hemangioma |
| the most common benign bone tumor of the ribs | fibrous dysplasia |
| the most common benign bone tumor of the hands and feet | enchondroma |
| the most common primary bone malignancy | osteosarcoma (multiple myeloma) |
| 3 ways mets becomes established in bone | 1) tumor embolim via vascular circulation, 2) direct extension, 3) retrograde venous blood flow |
| cancer's that frequently metastasize bone | breast, colon, prostate, lung, stomach, bladder, uterus, rectum, kidney, thyroid |
| what population are bone metastasis and where do they develop? | elderly..., red bone marrow, typically proximal to elbows and knees..it's often multiple |
| bone metastasis are primarily osteo_____; when do they show up on x-ray? | lyric; xray after bones destructed 30-50% |
| clinical features of bone metastasis | pain, neurological symptom, hypercalcemia |
| types of bone metastasis | 1) osteolytic 70%, osteoblastic 20%, mixed 10% (most mixed, but only 10% balanced |
| What may help you to see rib metastases better? | Extrapleural sign... looking for more obvious soft tissue mass may be easier to see than bone lesion |
| osteolytic metastases commonly seen in | ribs, spine (vertebra destruction, missing pedicle, path compression fx=>vertebra plana |
| missing pedicle sign also known as... | winking owl sx (vertebral body also affected, but shows up better b/c cortical to cancellous bone ratio) |
| what are DDX's for missing pedicle? | Agenesis, Lytic mets, Osteoblastoma, ABC, Neurofibroma |
| osteoporotic compression fracture vs mets(path comp fx)??? | Compression fx:MRI shows NORMAL marrow/HIGH signal on T1 but.. Path comp fx: MRI shows LOW marrow signal... both high on T2 |
| What 2 primary cancers cause EXPANSILE mets? | renal cell (b/c soap bubbly and expansile) and thyroid carcinoma |
| What 2 primary cancers cause ARCAL mets? | renal cell and lung carcinoma |
| Most common cause of osteoblastic mets? what else? | m/c: prostate, also treated breast, and bladder cancer |
| DDX's for ivory vertebra? | Hosdgkins lymphoma metastatic to bone (white & anterior scalloped), Osteoblastic metastasis (white & compressed), Pagets disease (white & big) |
| Potential imaging for mets? | plain film, bone scan, MRI, CT (pot w/ biopsy) |
| sensititvity for marrow destruction | plain film 30-50%, bone scan2-5%, MRI 1-2% |
| when a patient has hx of malignancy and bone pain look for? | Mets |
| most common PRIMARY bone malignancy in adults? | multiple myeloma |
| most common PRIMARY bone malignancy in children?/ 2nd most common bone malignancy? | osteosarcoma |
| 3rd most common primary bone malignancy? | chondrosarcoma |
Created by:
abva
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