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BTEC UNIT 1 Cardio
Cardiovascular system Structure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the structure of capillaries | Walls one cell thick narrow large in number |
| Name the structure of a vein | Walls contain thin layer of muscle Return blood to heart Pocket valves Positioned between skeletal muscle Positioned inside thoracic cavity |
| Name the structures of an artery | Thick walls (middle layer of smooth muscle) to with stand high blood pressure. Takes blood away from the heart |
| What does vasoconstriction mean? | Reducing flow of blood into capillaries by action of sympathetic nerves |
| What does vasodilatation mean? | Increasing flow of blood into capillaries |
| Why does the body redistribute blood? . | To ensure that oxygen and nutrients are directed to the tissues needed it and to control temperature |
| Why does more blood go to the heart, skin, and working muscles during exercise? | Heart is a muscles and requires nutrients, working muscles require nutrients, skin requires energy to cool body and also to radiate heat away |
| What are pre-capillary sphincters? | Rings of muscle at the entrance to a capillary bed, which can vasodilate or constrict the arteriole serving that capillary bed |
| Blood in the vena cave vein is low in which substance? | Oxygen |
| What role do the semi lunar valves have in the heart? | They prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles |
| Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs? | Right side |
| What are the heart chambers called that fill with blood from the vena cava | atrium |
| Why does the left side of the heart have a thicker wall? | Because it pumps blood to the body, needs more force |
| Why are there two sides to the heart | It enables two pumps to function separately (to the lungs to collect oxygen and then to the body to deliver the oxygen and take waste products away) |
| Name the two bottom chambers of the heart | Ventricles |
| Where are the semi lunar valves? | The valves that prevent back flow into the heart where the blood leaves to heart into the pulmonary artery and aorta |
| Name the two valves that separate the atrium from the ventricles | Bicuspid and tricuspid or atrioventricular valves |
Created by:
Tina Dean
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