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MCAT PT 6 FUPS
Stuff To Not Fuck Up On Again From Practice Test 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| In A Lithium-Ion Battery, Electrons Flow From: | The lithium anode to the iodine cathode |
| If A Cell Is Used To Power A Device, It Must Operate As A Voltaic Cell And Its Potential Must Be: | Positive |
| Ca+2 Is Close To The Size Of Ba+2 Because They Are Both In The Same: | Period |
| Average Acceleration Is Calculated As The: | Change in velocity / change in time |
| A Ribozyme Is An RNA Molecule That Is Capable Of: | Catalyzing reactions and lower the activation energy of reactions similar to the way enzymes do |
| RNA Has Phosphodiester Bonds In The: | Ribose-phosphate "backbone" |
| Peptides Do Not Contain: | Any phosphates or phosphodiester bonds |
| The Formation Of A Glycosidic Bond (Aka Formation Of An Acetal) Involves An Oxygen Of A Hydroxyl Group Acting As A Nucleophile Which: | Attacks the anomeric carbon of a hemiacetal sugar such as glucose |
| With A Smaller Aperture, Diffraction Becomes: | More pronounced |
| A Higher (A+T):(G+C) Ratio Means That There Are More: | A-T pairs than G-C pairs |
| Wavelength Range For Yellow Light: | 570-590 nm |
| Enzymes With "Oxidase", "Reductase", "Dehydrogenase", or "Monooxygenase" In Their Names Are Likely To Be Involved In: | Redox reactions |
| An Adenosyltransferase Enzyme is Not Associated With: | A redox reaction |
| NADH Does Not React With: | O2 |
| NAD+/NADH Will Only Under 2-Electron, Not: | 1-electron transfers |
| FAD/FADH2 Reacts Very Easily With: | O2 |
| Calcium Can Bind To The δ Subunit of Phosphorylase B Kinase And: | Activate it |
| Glycogen Phosphorylase Cannot Break Down: | Cellulose |
| Because Glycine Lacks A β Carbon, This Means That Glycine Is The Only Amino Acid That: | Does not exist as a β amino acid |
| Adding BaCl2 To Water Carbonic Acid And Water Forms: | Barium carbonate, a white precipitate |
| Antacids Are Basic Compounds That: | Neutralize acids |
| The Formula Of Sucrose (A Disaccharide) Is: | C12H22O11 |
| Polypeptides Are Named: | N' to C' |
| Anhydrides Form When Two Carboxylate Groups: | Combine And Release A Water Molecule |
| Anhydride Formation Requires Two Carboxylate Groups Coming: | Close enough together for a reaction to take place |
| Potential Energy Of A Spring, U = | 1/2kx^2 |
| Methanol Reacting With Phenylalanine To Form A Methyl Ester In The Absence Of Acid Is An Example Of: | Nucleophilic acyl substitution, specifically esterification |
| Alcohols Are: | Weak nucleophiles |
| Refraction Only Occurs When Light Enters At An Angle: | Relative To The Normal |
| If Light Enters Normal To The Boundary Of A Medium, The Angle Of Incidence Is: | Zero |
| The Wavelength Of Purple Light Is: | 400-430 nm |
| Light With A Wavelength Of 200 nm Is: | UV light |
| The Reaction Of P-Aminophenol And Acetic Anhydride React To Form Acetaminophen Is An Ex Of: | A nucleophilic substitution |
| The Conductivity Of An Electrolyte Is Proportional To The: | Total concentration of ions in the solution |
| The Negatively Charged Oxygen Atoms In Ozone Are The Richest In: | Electrons and the most likely to donate electrons |
| A Compound That Has An Unpaired Electron Is Considered To Be: | Paramagnetic |
| A Compound That Does Not Have Any Unpaired Electrons Is Considered To Be: | Diamagnetic |
| Hypoventilation Means That Breathing Rate Will Be Lowered And Less: | CO2 than normal will be exhaled |
| The Idea That Hydrostatic Pressure Is Assumed To Be Linear Only Applies To Liquids Whose: | Densities are essentially constant |
| The Hydrostatic Pressure Curve Should Not Be Linear For gases Because: | Their density is a function of the force applied to them and that gases are compressible |
| The Fourth Oxygen Molecule That Binds To A Hemoglobin Molecule Binds More Easily Than The First Because: | Hemoglobin consists of 4 subunits, each of which can bind one oxygen molecule |
| Allosteric Effects That Cause Changes In The Conformations For The Remaining Molecules Of Hemoglobin Make It Easier For: | The remaining subunits to bind oxygen |
| The carbonyl carbon Of the Acetyl Chloride Is More Electrophilic Than: | That of acetic acid |
| Esterification Is An: | Addition-elimination reaction |
| The Basic Structure Of A Fatty Acid Is A: | Carboxylic acid group attached to a long hydrocarbon chain |
| The Characterization Of The Fatty Acid As Saturated Or Unsaturated Comes From: | The hydrocarbon chain |
| There There Are Double Bonds In A Fatty Acid, Then: | The fatty acid is saturated |
| The Reduction Of A Carboxylic Acid Or An Aldehyde Or Ketone Will Yield: | An alcohol |
| Saturated And Unsaturated Fatty Acids In A Triacylglycerol Do Not Have: | Carboxylic acid groups |
| A Trans Fat Is A Fat With: | Double bonds, and is unsaturated |
| Hydrogenating A Saturated Fat Doesn't Do Anything Because: | It doesn't have any double bonds |
| Saturated Fats Are The Product Of A Complete Reduction Of: | Unsaturated fats |
| Unsaturated Fats At Room Temperature Are: | In their liquid form |
| B-lactam Antibiotics Are Highly Reactive Because Of Their: | Ring strain |
| The Fusion Of The B-lactam Ring To A Second Ring Forces The Geometry Of The Nitrogen To Be Pyramidal Rathn Than Trigonal Planar Which: | Confers a higher degree of instability |
| The Preferred Geometry For An Sp2-Hybridized Atom Is: | Trigonal planar |
| Having More Resonance Structures WOuld Make A Compound: | More stable and less reactive |
| Depolarization Makes The Inside Of The Neuron Axon More: | Positively charged |
| Na+ Ions Are: | The most common extracellular ions |
| Outward Flow Of K+ Ions Causes: | Repolarization |
| Electrical Conductivity Is Related To The Ability Of A Material To: | Conduct an electric current |
| Materials With Free Electrons Are: | Better conductors |
| In Graphite, Each Carbon Is: | Covalently bonded to three other atoms which allows for a sea of free electrons that can conduct electricity due to carbon being tetrahedral |
| Note About The Final Purpose Of A CARS Passage: | It could be the final sentence of a passage, but it can also be the final sentence of a single paragraph that is in the introduction (like a thesis) |
| A Typical Immune Response Involves The Proliferation Of Antibodies That Are: | Specific for and attack foreign matter known as antigens |
| Ribose Is Generated By: | The Pentose Phosphate Pathway |
| A Mutation Which Alters A Single Enzyme Is Unlikely To Be Signficant As A Result Of Other Pathways And Genetic Redundancy Called: | A polygenic inheritance pattern |
| Rapid Transport Of Acidic Chyme To The Small Intestine Will Cause A: | Drop in PH |
| Pepsin Activity Occurs Predominantly In: | The stomach |
| Acidic chyme In The Duodenum Is Expected To Cause: | Feedback inhibition of HCL secretion |
| When The Brain Utilizes Ketone Bodies Instead Of Glucose, The Same Ketone Bodies Are: | Converted into acetyl coenzyme A |
| Ketones Are Not Isomers Of: | Glucose |
| NADH and FADH2 Are: | Electron carriers |
| Ketone Bodies Are Only Used In: | Aerobic respiration |
| PCR Uses What Polymer Exclusively: | Taq polymerase |
| PCR Uses A Standard Set Of Temperatures That Are: | Independent of sequence |
| PCR Uses A Large Excess Of: | Each nucleotide |
| Low Blood Insulin Levels Are A Symptom Of: | Pancreatic problem |
| Vitamin B12 Absorption Involves The: | Stomach And The Terminal Ileum Of The Small Intestine |
| Gastric Ulcers Result From A Failure To: | Neutralize acid from the stomach |
| The Pancreas Produces: | Bicarbonate to neutralize gastric acid |
| The Rate Of Diffusion Of Electrolytes: | Directly related to the concentration gradient |
| Nodes Of Ranvier Allows For Saltatory Conduction, Which Is Act Of Allowing: | The action potential of a neuron to jump from one node of Ranvier to another |
| Synaptic Transmission Is Mediated By: | Neurotransmitter vesicles |
| Neurotransmitter Migration Is Mediated By: | The cytoskeleton |
| If A Normal Male Is A Child Of A Mother With A Disease, Then The Disease Is: | Autosomal recessive |
| Traits That Are Incompletely Dominant Result In: | An intermediate phenotype in heterozygous individuals |
| The Primary Function Of Melanin In The Skin And Eyes Is To: | Absorb UV radiation which can damage cell structures, promote free radical reactions, and alter DNA |
| Viruses Consist Of A: | Nucleic acid and a protein capsid |
| Viruses Can Also Be Encapsulated By: | A lipoprotein or glycoprotein coat |
| Viruses Can Transport Enzymes Necessary For: | Replication |
| An RNA Virus Is Unlikely To Carry: | Transcription factors |
| Single Stranded Nucleic Acids Are: | Vulnerable to attack |
| The Most Effective Way For Viral RNA To Evade Host Degradation Is To: | Assume a 3D conformation in a very tight hairpin loop or lariat where the RNA binds to itself |
| Sodium's Value for Z In The Nernst Equation Is = | +1 |
| The Standard Cell Potential For A Concentration Is Always: | 0 v |
| The Thin Limb Of The Ascending Loop Of Henle Is Characterized By: | Impermeability to water |
| Electrophoresis Is A Separation Of: | Proteins based on size |
| SDS Is Used In Electrophoresis To Make Sure That All Proteins Have: | A uniform size-to-charge ratio so that their motion is based purely on their size |
| Isoelectric Focusing Depends On The Charges On: | The surface of a protein |
| The Location Of A Codon Where An Amino Acid Will Be Swapped Out Is In: | The 3rd nucleotide of the codon |
| Unlike Taq DNA Polymerase In The PCR Reaction, E.Coli DNA Polymerase Is Not: | Stable at high temperatures |
| Fatty Acid Breakdown And Inhibition Of Liver Glucose Uptake Are Functions Of: | Growth hormone |
| TSH Regulates: | The thyroid gland |
| Prolactin Regulates: | Milk synthesis |
| Protein Synthesis Is Associated With The Ribosomes Of: | The rough ER |
| The Smooth ER Is A Site Of: | Carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis |
| Active Transport Is Only Used To Move Substances: | Against a concentration gradient |
| Ligases Join: | Two molecules together |
| Kinases Add: | Phosphate groups |
| Oxidoreductases Carry out: | Redox reactions |
| A Protein Technique That Is Used To Isolate One Specific Protein Among Hundreds Is Called: | ELISA, or Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Centrifugation Only Works On The Basis Of: | Molecular mass |
| Southern Blotting Is Used To: | Isolate DNA |
| Red Blood Cells Are Formed Primarily In: | The bone marrow |
| Red Blood Cells Are Destroyed In: | The spleen |
| The Best Substitute For Valine Is: | Alanine |
| Phenylalanine Competes WIth Other Large Neutral Amino Acids (LNAAs) For: | Transport into the brain |
| HIgh Levels of Phenylalanine Contribute To: | Brain damage |
| If An Amino Acid Is Deemed Essential, This Means That It Is: | Necessary for normal protein synthesis |
| ATP Hydrolysis Is Needed To Drive Reactions that Are: Non-spontaneous, which are those with positive values for | Non-spontaneous, which are those with positive values for ΔG0 |
| Cytokinesis Is The Separation Of The Cytoplasm That: | Completes the process of mitosis |
| The Eye Is Derived From This Germ Layer: | Ectoderm |
| The Stomach Is Derived From This Germ Layer: | Endoderm |
| When A Fatty Acid Undergoes β oxidation, It Produces A Molecule Of: | Acetyl coA, which means that: The molecule loses two carbon atoms |
| Environmental Justice Is The Fair Treatment And Meaningful Involvement Of All People Regardless Of: | Race, color, nationality, or income with respect to environmental laws and policies |
| Cutlural Objects And Their Associated Stories And Significance Fit Into The Category Of: | Material culture |
| Culturals Inventions Such As Money That REquire Acceptance Of The Entire Culture To Fully Function Or Exist Is Called: | Symbolic culture |
| Aggression Is Defined As Physical Or Verbal Behavior Intended To: | Hurt or destroy whether reactively or proactively |
| Weber's Law States That The Difference Threshold Is: | A constant proportion of the stimulus |
| Signal Detection Theory States That: | Two signals must be significantly different from one another in order to be picked up as separate events |
| The Unconditioned Response Is The One That Is: | Automatically triggered by a stimulus |
| Latent Inhibition Is The Idea That A Familiar Stimulus: | Takes longer to acquire meaning than an unfamiliar stimulus |
| A Mental Shortcut Based On Expectation And Experience Is Called: | Heuristics |
| A Result That Is Due To A Study Participant Is Due To: | Self-fulfilling prophecy |
| Comparative Pessimism Would Likely Arise In Someone Who Believes He Or She Is: | Worse off or has a higher risk than others |
| When Changes In Behavior Occur To Conform To The Group Norms, This Is Considered An Effect Of: | Peer pressure |
| A Ritual Is A Formalized Ceremony That Usually Involves: | Specific material objects, symbolism, and additional mandates on acceptable behavior |
| When An Individual Discriminates Against A Group Of People For Any Reason, It Is Called: | Individual discrimination |
| Monozygotic Twins Share: | The same genetic material |
Created by:
SamB91
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