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World Cultures Final
Mr. Ford's World Cultures & Geography Final Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Longitude | runs North and South and is measured by East and West |
| Latitude | runs East and West and is measured by North and South |
| Immigrant | a person that moves to a new country by choice |
| Culture | consists of the beliefs, customs, laws, art, and ways of living that a group of people share |
| First Nations | Native Americans in Canada |
| U.S. Constitution | document that is the basis for all laws in the United States |
| Bilingual | a person who can speak two languages |
| Citizenship | Rights & responsibilities of being a citizen (voting, pay taxes, serve on juries, etc.) |
| Constitutional Amendment | changing the Constitution |
| Bill of Rights | Document that guarantees freedom of speech and religion to all U.S. citizens |
| Patriotism | love of ones country |
| Democracy | "rule of the people"- people have a say in the government |
| Limited Government | the government has limited power because it is a federal system where power is split between national and state governments |
| What were chinampas used for in the Aztec Civilization? | farming |
| What did Hernan Cortes do in 1521? | Conquered the Aztecs |
| Who ruled Cuba after the 1959 revolution? | Fidel Castro |
| Communist | System of government where the government plans and controls the country's economy |
| Sugar | main crop of the West Indies during the 1600s-1800s |
| Ejido | community farm owned by all villagers |
| Julius Caesar | Dictator of Rome |
| Why is Constantine an important figure in Christianity? | He made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire |
| Renaissance | "Rebirth" of society |
| Give two reasons colonies were important to European Nations | 1. Provided raw materials 2. Provided new markets for finished goods |
| Why was Martin Luther upset with the Catholic Church? | Sale of indulgences |
| How did Alexander the Great help to spread Greek Culture? | He conquered many lands and put Greek culture in place there |
| Feudalism | system where peasants would work for the lord of the manor in exchange for protection |
| What event led the World War I | the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand |
| Fascism | political philosophy that promotes a strong central government controlled by the military and led by a powerful dictator |
| Holocaust | the killing/execution of 6 million Jews, handicapped, and gypsies at the hands of the Nazi party led by Adolph Hitler |
| Why did the United States get involved in World War II? | Pearl Harbor |
| Stalin | Soviet leader known for collective farms and 5-year plans |
| Cold War | period of tense relations between the Soviet Union and the United States |
| What two events led to the Russian Revolution? | 1. food shortages in the cities and workers going on strikes 2. the terrible loss of life during World War I |
| What led to the end of the Russian Monarchy? | the Russian Revolution- execution of the Romanov family |
| Name three things after the fall of the Soviet Union? | 1. Countries were able to have more freedom 2. Free-market economy 3. Non-Communist governments were formed |
| What are the five pillars of Islam? | 1. One God and Muhammed is his prophet 2. Praying 5 x per day 3. Giving to the needy and poor 4. Fasting during the Ramadan 5. Making a pilgrimage or hajj to Mecca |
| Abraham | the founder of Judaism |
| Muhammad | the founder of Islam; the messiah for Islam |
| Jesus | the founder of Christianity |
| Muslims | followers of Islam |
| Christians | followers of Christianity |
| Jews | followers of Judaism |
| Torah | sacred text of Judaism |
| Qu'ran | sacred text of Islam |
| Bible | sacred text of Christianity |
| Oil | the most important resource in the Middle East |
| Water | resource that IS NOT abundant in the Middle East |
| Hammurabi's Code | 282 laws= very strict- "eye for an eye" |
| West Bank & Gaza Strip | two areas of Israel that are occupied by Palestinians |
| Nile | river the ancient Egyptians used for trade and transportation |
| Westernization | taking in western culture Pro's- new ideas and technology Cons- loss of original culture |
| ISIS | Islamic State in Iraq and Syria |
| How has oil, Islam, and Judaism impacted the MIddle East? | oil- made the area wealthy and powerful Islam- culture, laws, government- attitudes toward women Judaism- creation of Israel state- conflict after |
| Racism | belief that one race is inferior to the other |
| Afrikaners | descendants of the Dutch colonists who make up half of South Africa's white population |
| Boers | Dutch pastoral farmers |
| Pastoralism | Raising grazing animals |
| Where were the oldest fossils of human ancestors were found on what continent? | Africa |
| What country colonized Rwanda and determined who was Tutsi and who was Hutu? | Belgium |
| What country in Africa did apartheid affect the most | South Africa |
| How did colonialism impact Africa? What was it like before, during, and after colonialism? | Resources and people were taken- poverty cultural conflicts corruption |
| Apartheid | Official policy of racial segregation Black Africans had no say in government People were assigned to districts Education was horrible |
| Subsistence farming | growing just enough food to survive- no more |
| How did Mobutu Sese Seko change the Belgian Congo | Changed Name- Zaire Peoples names- traditional African names |
| About how many Africans were taken into the Trans-Atlantic Slave trade | 10-12 million |
| Mansa Musa | King of Mali- maybe the richest man in history |
| Nelson Mandela | the first black president of South Africa |
| Diversity | many different cultures and viewpoints |
| Over-grazing | process by which animals graze faster than the grass can grow back |
| How are the stories of Sundiata and Disney's "The Lion King" similar? | In both the father dies, the prince is exiled, and comes back to defeat evil relative who took over |
| Name two resources that made ancient African civilizations wealth? | Salt and Gold |
| Mt. Everest | the highest mountain peak in the world |
| Siddartha Guatama | the founder of Buddhism |
| Where is the world's largest democracy? | India |
| Caste System | the inherited social class in Hinduism |
| Subcontinent | large landmass that is part of a continent but geographically separated |
| Moksha | end of the reincarnation cycle |
| How are reincarnation and karma related? | If a person lives a good life they can be reincarnated into a better life |
| What religion do the President and Prime Minister of Pakistan have to follow? | Islam |
| What region are India and Pakistan currently fighting over? | Kashmir |
| Why is the issue between India and Pakistan important to solve peacefully? | Both have nuclear weapons and high populations |
| Why did the United States wage war against North Vietnam? Was the war successful for the United States? | -Waged war to stop the spread of communism -No- Vietnam eventually united and became fully communist |
| Tet | Vietnamese New Year |
| Confucianism | respect for elders; honoring ancestors |
| Daoism | Chinese philosophy that stresses following the 'way' and finding a balance between good and evil |
| Samurai | In ancient Japan, the people that the lords rely on for protection from outlaws and bandits |
| According to Buddhism, all existence is ________________ | suffering |
| What country sent prisoners to Australia | England |
| Maori | the first people to settle in New Zealand |
| Why can scientists only go to Antarctica during the summer months? | It is too cold (-100 degrees F) |
Created by:
jessicabogusch
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