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Final Exam Review
U.S. History Final Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Supreme Court case determines the justices have ability to judge laws constitutional or unconstitutional AKA Judicial Review | Marbury vs. Madison |
| Supreme Court case decides federal government supersedes state government | Gibbons vs Ogden |
| Jefferson wanted to purchase New Orleans because the port was important to American shipping. Napoleon (France) asked if America wanted to buy the entire Louisiana Territory. Cost $15 million | Louisiana Purchase 1803 |
| 1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave their residents the right to chose whether to allow slavery through popular sovereignty which made Missouri Compromise Unconstitutional | Kansas-Nebraska Act |
| 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe, antislavery book, widely read- hated by southerners - made northerners more skeptical of slavery | Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| Transcendentalist who protested Mexican American War by not paying his taxes | Henry David Thoreau |
| Abolitionist published the newspaper "The Liberator" | William Lloyd Garrison |
| Reform movement activist known for Prison and Mental Institution reform | Dorothea Dix |
| Underground Railroad | Harriet Tubman |
| 1855- A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery people that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory. The dispute further strained the relations between the North and South, making civil war imminent. | Bleeding Kansas |
| 1857 - A Supreme Court case where a slave, Dred Scott, sued for his freedom because he had been taken to live in territories where slavery was illegal; the ruled against him and argued that slaves were property and not protected by Constitution | Dred Scott v. Sanford |
| An abolitionist, who put together a group of followers attacked a US arsenal at Harpers Ferry to get weapons to arm slaves and abolitionists for a rebellion to end slavery. | John Brown |
| 1860- Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it had a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union. First to Secede was South Carolina | Election of 1860 |
| 1863 - speech to dedicate a national cemetery on the ground where the decisive Battle of Gettysburg had taken place, Lincoln delivered the famous speech. | Gettysburg Address |
| An American statesman and politician who served as the first and only President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865 | Jefferson Davis |
| An American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War. | Ulysses S Grant |
| Confederate Army general from Virginia who had opposed slavery and ecession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force | Robert E Lee |
| 1863-General Lee led the Confederate troops into Pennsylvania. The victory at Gettysburg was the last offensive attack of the South and the turning point of the war. | Gettysburg |
| April 9, 1865 - The site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant | Appomattox Court House |
| April 15, 1865 John Wilkes Booth killed President Lincoln in the Ford's Theater, 5 days after the Confederate's surrender at Appomattox. Lincoln did not live to see the end of slavery. | Assassination of Lincoln |
| 1865. Amendment abolishing and continually prohibiting slavery. With limited exception, such as those guilty of omitting a crime, it also prevents indentured servitude. | 13th Amendment |
| 1) Citizenship to all people born in the US (including African Americans, 2) equal protection under the law for all citizens, 3) any state that kept African Americans from voting would lose representatives in Congress (didn't apply to Native Americans) | 14th Amendment |
| Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or previous condition of servitude (didn't apply to Native Americans) | 15th amendment |
| Resulted from Britain's support of Indian hostilities along the frontier, interference with American trade, and impressments of American sailors into the British army | War Of 1812 |
| Francis Scott Key observed the battle of Fort Mchenry and wrote his thoughts down in a poem called the "Star Spangled Banner" | Star Spangled Banner |
| 1823 - Declared that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S. | Monroe Doctrine |
| Our 7th president. President of the "common man" His party became today's Democratic party. Nickname Old Hickory. | Andrew Jackson |
| A political party formed by supporters of Andrew Jackson after the presidential election of 1824 | Democratic Party |
| South Carolina (Jackson's VP John Calhoun) argued the sovereign states should be allowed to nullify the tariff of 1832 as well as other acts of congress. | Nullification Crisis |
| (1830) Signed by President Andrew Jackson, the law permitted the negotiation of treaties to obtain the Indians' lands in exchange for their relocation to what would become Oklahoma. | Indian Removal Act |
| Following actions to remove Indians, the Cherokees brought suit in federal court against Georgia's actions and the Supreme Court sided with the Cherokees. | Worcester Vs. Georgia |
| Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820) | Missouri Compromise |
| This compromise set up California joining the Union as a free state, New Mexico and Utah use popular sovereignty to decide slavery, slave is banned in the nation's capital, The Fugitive Slave Law is passed,border between Texas and New Mexico was set. | Compromise of 1850 |
| Distinguished senator from Kentucky. He was a supporter of the American System, a war hawk for the War of 1812, known as "The Great Compromiser." Outlined the Compromise of 1850 with five main points. Died before it was passed however | Henry Clay |
| A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods. | Industrial Revolution |
| An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods; investments that are determined by private decision rather than by state control; and determined in a free market - US is one under Capitalism | Free Enterprise |
| Movement to ban the sale and manufacture of alcohol | Temperance Movement |
| A comprehensive effort to improve schools under guidance of Horace Mann | Education Reform Movement |
| A notion held by a nineteenth-century Americans that the United States was destined to rule the continent, from the Atlantic the Pacific. Phrase penned by John O' Sullivan. | Manifest Destiny |
| Conflict between the US and Mexico that after the US annexation of Texas, which Mexico still considered its own. As victor, the US aqcuired vast new territories from Mexico through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. | Mexican War |
| The North is urban with manufacturing - labor is immigrants and people settling in big cities. The South is rural based on agriculture and labor is slavery based. | North and South Differences |
| First shots of Civil War fired here | Ft. Sumter |
| Issued by Abraham Lincoln on Sept. 22, 1862 - declared all slaves in rebellious Confederate states would be free. | Emancipation Proclomation |
| 1863, this three day battle was the bloodiest of the entire Civil War, ended in a Union victory, and is considered the turning point of the war | Battle of Gettysburg |
| Civil War was not needed but necessary. | Abraham Lincoln - Second Inaugural Speech |
| Fords Theater, John Wilkes Booth,April 15, 1865 | Lincoln Assasination |
| Jackson's Vice President disagreed over Tariff of Abominations | John Calhoun |
| Women's Right Activist Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized a convention for women. | Seneca Falls Convention |
| Organized Labor | Union |
| Organized Labor protest | Strike |
| Brought Slavery to North America | Dutch |
| Invented by Robert Fulton | Steamboat |
| Invented by Eli Whitney | Cotton Gin |
| Northerners who moved South to make a profit off Reconstruction | Carpetbaggers |
| Working the land for a few crops - indebted to land owners - led to poverty in the South after war. | Sharecropping |
| Two countries in way of US realizing Manifest Destiny | Mexico and Great Britain |
| Sent by Jefferson to explore Louisiana Territory | Lewis and Clark |
| Ended War of 1812 | Treaty of Ghent |
| Ended US-Mexican War | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| Jackson gave government jobs to supporters | Spoils System |
| John Quincy Adams won electoral Vote. Jackson popular vote. House of Rep decided and Adams won. | Election of 1824 |
| Jackson supporters nickname for the Election of 1824 | Corrupt Bargain |
| Jackson's Nickname | Old Hickory |
| 4th President and President during War of 1812 | James Madison |
| Textile Mills in US | Samuel Slater |
| Started the Industrial Revolution | Great Britain |
| Land acquired after US Mexican War | Mexican Cession |
| 1849 in California caused immigration to California which allowed quick annexation to US. Became a free state under Compromise of 1850 | Gold Rush |
Created by:
susan kennard
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