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100 Flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 5 fundamental political principles of government? | Consent of the governed, Limited Governed, Rule of law, Democracy, Representative government |
| What does "consent of the governed" mean? | The people are the source of any and all governmental power. |
| What does "limited government" mean? | Government is not all-powerful and may do only those things the people have given it the power to do. |
| What does "democracy" mean? | In a democratic system of government, the people rule. |
| What does "representative government" mean? | In a representative system of government, the people elect public officeholders to make laws and conduct government on the people's behalf. |
| What does "rule of law" mean? | The government and those who govern are bound by the law, as are those who are governed. |
| Which early American document guaranteed the rights of Englishmen to colonists? | Charter of the VA Company in London |
| What document was written by George Mason and served as a model/example for the U.S. Bill of Rights? | Virginia Declaration of Rights |
| What document by Thomas Jefferson and served as a model for the First Amendment's freedom of religion? | Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom |
| Why is the Declaration of Independence important? | Written by Thomas Jefferson, took away consent of the governed, stated unalienable rights of life, liberty, & the pursuit of happiness, said all men are created equal, NOT a plan of government |
| What was the first plan of government for the United States and why did it fail? | Articles of Confederation- gave states power, created a weak central government |
| What is the Preamble and what does it do? | Introduction to the U.S. Constitution- "We the people...", states the purposes/goals of government |
| What is the written plan of government for the United States? | The U.S. Constitution |
| What is federalism? | The division of power between the national government and the state governments |
| What are the powers set aside for the states called? | Reserved Powers |
| What happens if a U.S. law conflicts with a state law? | U.S. law wins because it's higher |
| What are implied powers? | Powers that are suggested by the "necessary and proper" clause of the U.S. Constitution, used to carry out the expressed powers |
| What are powers the federal or state governments may NOT have? | Denied Powers |
| What are powers given specifically to Congress in the Constitution called? | Delegated, expressed, or enumerated |
| What are the 3 levels of federal courts? | U.S. Supreme Court, U.S. Appeals Court, and U.S. District Court |
| What are the 4 levels of state courts? | VA Supreme Court, VA Court of Appeals, Circuit Court, and General District Court |
| What is the process for bringing a civil and criminal case to trial? | Arrest, Bail or Jail, Arraignment- plea trial |
| What group makes laws for Virginia? | General Assembly |
| What is the lawmaking process? How does a bill become a law? | Proposing a bill, working in committees, debating on the floor, voting on a bill by both houses, and signing the bill into law |
| What is a veto? | To reject a decision made by a law-making body |
| What is the role of a lobbyist? | influence decisions made by officials |
| What does the executive branch include? | Federal, President, Congress |
| What is due process and where is it mentioned in the U.S. Constitution? | The constitutional protection against unfair governmental actions and laws |
| What is the legislative branch of the local government? | The Board of Supervisors, County Town Council, Town City Council, City |
| What positions does the VA Constitution require local governments to elect? | Sheriff, Clerk of Circuit Court, Commissioner of the Revenue, Treasurer |
| What is the role of the media in elections? | Familiarize public with candidates, Emphasize certain issues, express opinions in editorials, political cartoons, and op-ed pieces, broadcast different points of view |
| What are the primary responsibilities of the national government versus the state? | Conduct foreign policy, regulate commerce, provide for the common defense |
| Describe the national legislative branch. | Congress- bicameral, House of Representatives (435), Senate (100), Makes laws, approves budget, approves budget, confirms presidential appointments, raises revenue, regulates trade, declares war |
| How does the executive branch influence policy making? | Proposing legislation (state of the union Address), Appealing to the people, approving/vetoing legislation, appointing officials |
| What is judicial review? | Supreme courts of the US/VA determine the constitutionality of laws and acts of the executive branch government |
| Which Supreme Court case established the idea of judicial review? | Marbury vs. Madison |
| Describe the system of checks and balances. Give examples. | Powers of the National government are separated among 3 branches in ways that limit any one branch from abusing its power. |
| What are the qualifications to vote? | Citizen of the US, resident of a state, At least 18 years old |
| What factors determine who is more likely to vote? | Education, Age, and Income |
| What are PACs and what do they do? | Political Action Committees represent business, labor or ideological interests. |
| What are the functions of political parties? | Recruiting/nominating candidates, educating the electorate, helping candidates, monitoring actions |
| How do third parties differ from the major parties? | Stated in the party platforms and reflected in campaigns, introduce new ideas (particular issue), revolve around political personality |
| What are the major political parties and how are they different from each other? | Republicans and Democrats, express different views on which are stated in the party's platform and stated by candidates in the campaign |
| How has the high cost of getting elected changed campaigning for public office? | Gives advantages to wealthy individuals, extensive, extensive fundraising |
| Explain how the electoral college works. | Slate of electors chosen, electors meet to vote for president and vice president |
| What are magistrates? | Civil officer who administers the law |
| What is the difference between original and appellate jurisdiction? | First court to hear a case has original jurisdiction. When a case gets appealed the next court has appellate jurisdiction |
| Who heads the executive branch at each of the 3 levels of government? | National, President State, Governor Local Mayor |
| Who nominates and confirms Supreme Court justices? | Congress and President |
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