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Economic Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| economics | the study of how people use and transfer resources |
| natural resource | things that occur in nature |
| human resource | the people who do labor |
| capital resource | buildings, tools, and equipment used by workers to make a good or produce a service |
| goods | products that people make or grow |
| services | jobs that people do to help other people |
| production | when natural, human, and capital resources come together to make goods or provide services |
| productivity | measures how many goods or services are produced over a certain period of time |
| income | money made by a worker |
| expense | the money people must spend to get a good or service |
| specialization | a very narrow range of skills that workers have |
| consumer | people who buy a good or service |
| producer | people who make and sell goods or services |
| competition | businesses that offer the same goods or services; they try to make their product attractive to consumers |
| price | how much a consumer must pay for a good or service |
| scarcity | not enough goods or services are available |
| supply and demand | affects the price of a good or service |
| profit | a business has more income than expenses |
| loss | a business has more expenses than income |
| international trade | movement of goods and services between countries |
| exports | goods and services made in one country and sent to another country |
| imports | goods and services produced in another country but brought into our country |
| incentives | rewards; an offering to influence human behavior |
| entrepreneurs | people who risk their time and resources to start a business |
| opportunity cost | what a person loses by choosing one opportunity instead of another |