Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MCAT Beh. Sci Ch. 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Interpersonal Attraction: | Is what makes people like each other and is influenced by multiple factors |
| Physical Attractiveness, Which Is Increased With Symmetry And Proportions Close To: | The Golden Ratio |
| Self-Disclosure: | Includes sharing fears, thoughts, and goals with another person and being met with empathy and nonjudgment |
| Reciprocity: | Factor of interpersonal attraction in which we like people who we think like us |
| Proximity: | Factor of interpersonal attraction that involves being physically close to someone |
| Aggression: | A physical, verbal, or nonverbal behavior with the intention to cause harm or increase social dominance |
| Attachment: | Is an emotional bond to another person, and usually refers to the bond between a child and a caregiver. |
| Secure Attachment: | Requires a consistent caregiver so the child is able to go out and explore knowing he or she has a secure base to return to; the child will show strong preference for the caregiver |
| Avoidant Attachment: | Occurs when a caregiver has little or no response to a distressed, crying child; the child shows no preference for the caregiver compared to strangers |
| Ambivalent Attachment: | Occurs when a caregiver has an inconsistent response to a child's distress, sometimes responding appropriately, sometimes neglectful; the child will become distressed when caregiver leaves and is ambivalent when they return. |
| Disorganized Attachment: | Occurs when a caregiver is erratic or abusive; the child shows no clear pattern of behavior in response to the caregiver's absence or presence and may show repetitive behaviors |
| Social Support: | The perception or reality that one is cared for by a social network |
| Emotional Support: | Includes listening to, affirming, and empathizing with someone's feelings |
| Esteem Support: | Affirms the qualities and skills of the person |
| Material Support: | Is providing physical or monetary resources to aid a person |
| Informational Support: | Is providing useful information to a person |
| Network Support: | Is providing a sense of belonging to a person |
| Foraging: | Is searching for an exploiting food resources |
| A Mating System: | Describes the way in which a group is organized in terms of sexual behavior |
| Monogamy: | Consists of exclusive mating relationships |
| Polygamy: | Consists of one member of a sex having multiple exclusive relationships with members of the opposite sex, including polygyny (a male with multiple females) and polyandry (a female with multiple males) |
| Promiscuity: | Allows a member of one sex to mate with any member of the opposite sex without exclusivity |
| Mate Choice, Or Intersexual Selection: | Is the selection of a mate based on attraction and traits |
| Altruism: | Is a form of helping behavior in which the person's intent is to benefit someone else at some cost to him- or herself |
| Game Theory: | Attempts to explain decision-making between individuals as if they are participating in a game |
| Inclusive Fitness: | Is a measure of an organism's success in the population. This is based on the number of offspring, success in supporting offspring, and the ability of the offspring to then support others |
| Social Perception Or Social Cognition: | Is the way by which we generate impressions about people in our social environment. It contains a perceiver, their target, and the situation or social context of the scenario |
| Implicit Personality Theory: | States that people make assumptions about how different types of people, their traits, and behavior are related |
| The Primacy Effect: | Refers to when first impressions are more important than subsequent impressions |
| The Recency Effect: | Is when the most recent information we have about an individual is most important in forming our impressions |
| A Reliance On Central Traits: | Is the tendency to organize the perception of others based on traits and personal characteristics that matter to the perceiver |
| The Halo Effect: | Is when judgments of an individual's character can be affected by the overall impression of the individual |
| The Just-World Hypothesis: | Is the tendency of individuals to believe that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people. |
| Self-serving Bias: | Refers to the fat that individuals will view their own successes as being on internal factors, while viewing failures as being based on external facotrs |
| Attribution Theory: | Focuses on the tendency for individuals to infer the causes of other people's behavior |
| Dispositional (Internal): | Causes are those that relate to the features of the person whose behavior is being considered |
| Situational (External): | Causes are related to features of the surroundings or social context |
| Correspondent Inference Theory: | Is used to describe attributions made by observing the intentional (especially unexpected) behaviors performed by another person |
| Fundamental Attribution Error: | Is the bias toward making dispositional attributions rather than situational attributions in regard to the actions of others. |
| Attribute Substitution: | Occurs when individuals must make judgments that are complex but instead substitute a simpler solution or heuristic |
| Stereotypes: | Occur when attitudes and impressions are made based on limited and superficial information about a person or a group of individuals |
| Self-fulfilling Prophecy: | The process in which stereotypes can lead to expectations of certain groups that create conditions that lead to the confirmation of the stereotype |
| Stereotype Threat: | Is concern or anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype about one's social group |
| Prejudice: | is defined as an irrational positive or negative attitude toward a person, group, or thing prior to an actual experience |
| Ethnocentrism: | Refers to the practice of making judgments about other cultures based on the values and beliefs of one's own culture |
| An In-Group: | Is a social group with which a person experiences a sense of belonging |
| An Out-Group: | Refers to a social group with which an individual does not identify |
| Cultural Relativism: | Refers to the recognition that social groups and cultures should be studied on their own terms |
| Discrimination: | Is when prejudicial attitudes cause individuals of a particular group to be treated differently from others |
| Individual Discrimination: | Refers to one person discriminating against a particular person or group |
| Institutional Discrimination: | Refers to the discrimination against a particular person or group by an entire institution |
Created by:
SamB91
Popular MCAT sets