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chapter 33
Scientific Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scientific Revolution | major shift in thinking, gave birth to modern science |
| During the Middle Ages, 2 things guided Europeans thinking about the natural world | -Bible -teachings of Aristotle |
| Scientific Revolution began with the work of... | the Polish astronomer, Nicolaus Copernicus his work led to a new view of the universe |
| Geocentric theory | theory that Earth is the center of the solar system or the universe. The sun, stars, and planets all travel around a motionless Earth -Aristotle had taught this theory |
| Copernicus tackled the problems with the Geocentric theory using... | math and observation, he came up with the heliocentric theory |
| heliocentric theory | a theory that places the Sun at the center of the solar system, with planets, including Earth, revolving around it |
| Kepler | expanded on Copernicus's theory. He figured out that planets were ovals not circles |
| Galileo decided ... | to build his own telescopes. His discoveries supported the Copernican theory saw surface of the moon was rough and uneven saw moons moving around Jupiter because of this he had a bitter conflict with the Catholic Church |
| who wrote a book that caused an uproar, went to trial, and had the church accuse him of heresy | Galileo |
| In the end, Galileo was forced to what? | forced to stop writing about the Copernican theory . But mainly scientists had read his book and many people converted to the Copernican theory |
| Galileo's theory of motion describes... | how objects move on Earth |
| Kepler's theory describes... | the movement of the planets |
| What was Issac Newton's greatest discovery | the law of gravity |
| law of gravity | the force of attraction between masses in the universe. Gravity kept the moon traveling around the Earth, it kept planets traveling around the sun |
| A key out come of the Scientific Revolution was... | the development of the Scientific method |
| what is the Scientific Method | a step by step method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific assumptions |
| two philosophers who influenced the scientific method | -Francis Bacon - England -Rene Descartes - France |
| what are the 5 basic steps of the scientific method | 1 states question or problem 2 Forms a hypothesis 3 designs and conducts an experiment to test a hypothesis 4 measures the data 5 analyzes the data to see if hypothesis is correct |
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