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Sociology
Sociology Chapter 17
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Social Change | new societal behaviors with important long-term consequences |
| Social Processes | series of steps leading to change on a societal level |
| Discovery | process by which something is learned or reinterpreted |
| Invention | the creation of something new from previously existing items or processes |
| Diffusion | process by which one culture or society borrows from another culture or society |
| Technology | knowledge and tools used to achieve practical goals |
| Revolution | sudden and complete overthrow of a social or political order |
| War | organized, armed conflict that occurs within a society or between nations |
| Equilibrium | a state of functioning and balance, maintained by a soceity's tendency to make small adjustments to change |
| Urbanism | the distinctive way of life shared by people living in a city |
| Collective Behavior | the spontaneous behavior of a group of people responding to simular stimuli |
| Collectivity | collection of people who do not normally interact and who do not share clearly defined norms |
| Dispersed Collectivity | collectivity made up of people who are not physically connected but who follow common rules or respond to common stimuli |
| Rumor | a widely circulating piece of information that is not verified as being true or false |
| Urban Legend | a moralistic tale which focuses on current concerns and fears of the city or suburb dweller |
| Fad | an unusual behavior pattern that spreads rapidly and disappears quickly |
| Fashion | a widely accepted behavior pattern that changes periodically |
| Mass Hysteria | collective anxiety created by the acceptance of one or more false beliefs |
| Panic | reaction to a real threat in fearful, anxious, and often self-damaging ways |
| Crowd | a temporary collection of people who share an immediate common interest |
| Mob | emotional crowd ready to use violence for a specific purpse |
| Riot | episode of largely random destruction and violence carried out by a crowd |
| Contagion Theory | theory stating that members of crowds stimulate each other to higher and higher levels of emotion and irrational behavior |
| Emergent Norm Theory | theory stating that norms develop to guide crowd behavior |
| Convergence Theory | theory that states that crowds are formed by people who deliberately congregate with like-minded others |
| Social Movement | movement whose goals is to promote or prevent social change; the most structured and rational form of collective behavior |
| Revolutionary Movement | a social movement that attempts to change the total structure of society |
| Reformative Movement | a social movement that attempts to make limited changes in society |
| Redemptive Movement | a social movement which seeks to change people completely |
| Alternative Movement | a social movement that focuses on bringing about limited changes in people |
| Resource Mobilization Theory | theory holding that certain conditions must exist for social movements to occur |
Created by:
halvy
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