Question 1

Amides Are The Condensation Products Of:

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids and ammonia or amines

Question 2

Suffix For Amides:

Accepted Answer

-amide. Alkyl groups on a substituted amide are written at the beginning of the name with the prefix N-

Question 3

Cyclic Amides Are Called:

Accepted Answer

Lactams. They are named by the Greek letter of the carbon forming the bond with the nitrogen. (β-lactam, γ-lactam, etc)

Question 4

Esters Are The Condensation Products Of:

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids with alcohols (Fischer esterification)

Question 5

Suffix Of Esters:

Accepted Answer

-oate.

Question 6

The Esterifying Group Of An Ester Is Written As:

Accepted Answer

A substituent without a number

Question 7

Cyclic Esters Are Called:

Accepted Answer

Lactones. They are named by the number of carbons in the ring, and the Greek letter of the carbon forming the bond with the oxygen (α-acetolactone, β-propiolactone, etc)

Question 8

Triacylglycerols Are A Form Of:

Accepted Answer

Fat storage which include three ester bonds between glycerol and fatty acids

Question 9

Saponification Is:

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of fat using a strong base to form a soap (salts of long-chain carboxylic acids)

Question 10

Anhydrides Are:

Accepted Answer

The condensation dimers of carboxylic acids.

Question 11

Symmetric Anhydrides Are Named For:

Accepted Answer

Parent carboxylic acid followed by anhydride.

Question 12

Assymetric Anhydrides Are Named By:

Accepted Answer

Listing the parent carboxylic acids alphabetically followed by anhydride

Question 13

IN Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions, Anhydrides Are More Reactive Than:

Accepted Answer

Esters which are more reactive than amides

Question 14

Steric Hindrances Describes:

Accepted Answer

When a reaction cannot proceed (or significantly slows) because of substituents crowding the reactive site

Question 15

Protecting Groups Such As Acetals Can Be Used To:

Accepted Answer

Increase steric hindrance or otherwise decrease the reactivity of a particular portion of a molecule

Question 16

Induction Refers To:

Accepted Answer

Uneven distribution of charge across a sigma bond because of differences in electronegativity.

Question 17

The More Electronegative Groups In A Carbonyl-Containing Compound:

Accepted Answer

The greater its reactivity

Question 18

Conjugation Refers To:

Accepted Answer

The presence of alternating single and multiple bonds which creates delocalized pi-electron clouds above and below the plane of the molecule.

Question 19

Electrons Experience Resonance Through:

Accepted Answer

The unhybridized p-orbitals which increases stability.

Question 20

Conjugated Carbonyl-Containing Compounds Are More Reactive Because:

Accepted Answer

They can stabilize their transition states

Question 21

Increased Strain In A Molecule Can Make It:

Accepted Answer

More reactive.

Question 22

β-lactams Are Prone To Hydrolysis Because:

Accepted Answer

They have significant ring strain

Question 23

Ring Strain Is Due To:

Accepted Answer

Torsional strain from eclipsing interactions and angle strain from compressing bond angles below 109.5 degrees.

Question 24

All Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Can Undergo:

Accepted Answer

Nucleophilic substitution reactions. The rates at which they do so depends on their relative reactivities.

Question 25

Anhydrides Can Be Cleaved By Th Addition Of A:

Accepted Answer

Nucleophile

Question 26

Addition Of Ammonia Or An Amine Results In:

Accepted Answer

An amide and a carboxylic acid

Question 27

Addition Of An Alcohol Results In:

Accepted Answer

An ester and a carboxylic acid

Question 28

Addition Of Water Results In:

Accepted Answer

Two carboxylic acids

Question 29

Transesterification:

Accepted Answer

The exchange of one esterifying group for another on an ester.

Question 30

The Attacking Nucleophile In Transesterification Is:

Accepted Answer

An alcohol

Question 31

Amides Can Be Hydrolyzed To:

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids under strongly acidic or basic conditions.

Question 32

The Attacking Nucleophile Of Amides Hydrolyzing Into Carboxylic Acids Is:

Accepted Answer

Water or the hydroxide anion

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MCAT Org. Chem Ch. 9