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Sociology
Sociology Chapter 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Group | at least two people who have one or more goals in common and share common ways of thinking and behaving |
| Social Category | people who share a social characteristic |
| Social Aggregate | people temporarily in the same place at the same time |
| Primary Group | people who are emotionally close, know one another well, and seek one another's company |
| Primary Relationships | interactions that are intimate, personal, caring, and fulfilling |
| Secondary Group | people who share only part of their lives while focusing on a goal or task |
| Secondary Relationships | impersonal interactions invloving limited parts of personalities |
| Reference Group | group used for self-evaluation and the formation of attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms |
| In-group | exclusive group demanding intense loyalty |
| Out-group | group targeted by an in-group for opposition, anatagonsim, or competition |
| Social Network | a web of social relationships that join a person to other people and groups |
| Cooperation | interaction in which individuals or groups combine their efforts to reach a goal |
| Conflict | interaction aimed at defeating an opponent |
| Social Exchange | a vlountary action performed in the expectation of getting a reward in return |
| Coercion | interaction in which individuals or groups are forced to behave in a particular way |
| Conformity | behavior that matches group expectations |
| Groupthink | self-deceptive thinking that is based on conformity to group beliefs, and created by group pressure to conform |
| Formal Organization | a group deliberately created to achieve one or more long-term goals |
| Bureaucracy | a formal organization based on rationality and efficiency |
| Power | the ability to control the behavior of others |
| Authority | the legitimate or socially approved use of power |
| Rationalization | the mind-set emphasizing knowledge, reason, and planning |
| Informal Organization | groups within a formal organization in which personal relationships are guided bye norms, rituals, and sentiments that are not part of the formal organization |
| Iron Law of Oligarchy | theory that power increasingly becomes concentrated in the hands of a few members of any organization |
Created by:
halvy
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