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Enzymes 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Enzymes that hydrolyze the peptide bond in proteins | Proteases |
| Transfers an electron from NADPH to the heme Fe in P450, reducing the Fe(III) to Fe(II) | Cytochrome P450 reductase |
| Complex I of the ETC | NADH dehydrogenase |
| Complex III of the ETC | Cytochrome c reductase |
| Complex IV of the ETC | Cytochrome oxidase |
| On the surfae of the inner membrane, this enzyme reoxidizes gly-3P to DHAP. | Glycerol-3-P dehydrogenase |
| Catalyzes the breakdown of superoxides to water and hydrogen peroxide | Superoxide dismutase (SOD) |
| Catalyzes dismutation | Superoxide dismutase (SOD) |
| Catalyzes the decomposition of of hydrogen peroxide | Catalase |
| Four enzymes that are the body's first line of enzymatic defense against oxidative damage. | Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, Glutathione peroxidase, Peroxiredoxins |
| Aresenate prevents ATP production by this enzyme | Phosphoglycerate kinase |
| Flourine inhibits this enzyme | Enolase |
| Inhibited by quinolones, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin | DNA gyrase of E. coli |
| The enzyme required for the metabolism of alcohol. | Aldehyde dehydrogenase |
| Inhibition of this enzyme in the liver stimulates LDL receptors, leading to an increased clearance of LDL from the bloodstream and a decrease in blood cholesterol level | HMGCoA reductase |
| This enzyme cleaves fatty acids from triacyglycerol | Lipase |
| This enzyme complex forms fatty acids up to chain length | Fatty acid synthase |
| This enzyme splits off the polar head group leaving diacyglycerol (DAG) and the phosphorylated polar head group. | Phospholipase C |
| The family of stating drugs lower cholesterol by inhibiting this enzyme | HMGCoA reductase |
| This enzyme overcomes the irreversible pyruvate kinase reaction in glycolysis | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase |
| True or False: Each enzyme has a pH optimum at which it best functions. | True |
| True or False: Enzymes function equally well at any pH. | False |
| True or False: Enzyme show specificity for one stereoisomer of a molecule over the other stereoisomer. | True |
| True or False: Enzymes do no show specificity for one stereosiomer of a molecule over the other stereoisomer. | False |
| True or False: The increase in rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction with increasing substrate is saturable. | True |
| True or False: The increase in rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction with increasing substrate is not saturable. | False |
| True of False: Catalysis of enzymes depends solely on the amino acid side chains of enzymes. | False |
| HIV protease belongs to which class of protease? | Aspartate |
| True or False: Inhibition of an enzyme by a competitive inhibitor can be overcome with excess of substrate. | True |
| True or False: Inhibition of an enzyme by a competitive inhibitor can not be overcome with excess of substrate. | False |
| True or False: Inhibition of an enzyme by a competitive inhibitor is reversible. | True |
| True or False: Inhibition of an enzyme by a competitive inhibitor is irreversible. | False |
| This enzyme has three active sites whose affinity for ATP change with proton movement | ATP synthase |
| The toxic effects of cyanide are due to _________________. | inhibition of cytochrome oxidase (Complex IV) |
| This enzyme catalyzes an anaplerotic reaction in the TCA cycle. | Pyruvate carboxylase |
| This enzyme converts lactate to pyruvate in the Cori cycle | Hepatic lactate dehydrogenase |
| This enzyme is unique to the Pentose Phosphate Pathway | Transketolase |
| This type of inhibitor binds to the active site and is acted upon by the enzyme just as if it was a normal substrate. The enzyme uses its own catalytic machinery to inactivate itself. | Suicide inhibitor |
| This type of inhibitor binds to the enzyme and takes it out of commission, although it does not bind to the active site. | Non-competitive inhibitor |
| This type of inhibitor binds to the active site and competes with the substrate for its occupation. | Competitive inhibitor |
| An enzyme that removes a ph0sphate from the substrate. | Phosphatase |
| Synthesizes cAMP. | Adenylyl cyclase |
| cAMP stimulates the activity of this enzyme. | Protein kinase A |
| True or False: Protein kinase A is stimulated by removal of an inhibitory subunit. | True |
| True or False: Protein kinase A is inhibited by removal of an inhibitory subunit. | False |
| This enzyme hydrolyses PIP2 to produce DAG and IP3. | Phospholipase C |
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