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Asoc. Clin. Sciences
Part 2 Boards: Toxicology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An antipyretic analgesic that causes liver damage and an example? | Acetainophen, Tylenol |
| An absorbent; treats poisonings and overdoses following oral ingestion; binds poison and prevents aborption by the GI tract | Activated Charcoal |
| Antiviral for herpes | Acyclovir |
| Naturally occurring mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus; found in peanuts, cooking oils, cosmetics and can cause hepatic necrosis | Aflatoxins |
| Decreases xanthine oxidase activity and used to treat chronic gout | Allopurinol |
| Decreases kidney function, causes lung problems, muscle weakness, anemia and CNS problems | Aluminum Toxicity |
| A stimulant used to treat narcolepsy and ADHD | Amphetamine |
| Odor of garlic | Arsenic |
| Sleeping pills that can produce respiratory depression | Barbiturates |
| Used to treat anxiety, side effect is tremors and is a muscle relaxant. | Barbiturates |
| Given for hypertension and arrhythmias; blocks epinephrine and norepinephrine | Beta Blockers |
| Used to treat asthma; causes smooth muscle relaxation resulting in dilation of bronchial passages, vasodilation in muscle and liver, relaxation of uterine muscles. | Beta 2 Adrenergic Drugs |
| Cellular effects of carboxy hemoglobin; associated with blue mucous membranes and cherry red lips. | Carbon Monoxide |
| It was formerly widely used in fire extinguishers, as a precursor to refrigerants, and as a cleaning agent. It is a colorless liquid with a "sweet" smell that can be detected at low levels. | Carbon Tetrachloride |
| Used in the short-term treatment for insomnia | Chlora Hydrate |
| Clear volatile liquid with a strong smell like ether. It was once administered by inhalation to produce anesthesia and given as an analgesic and a remedy for cough. It is quite toxic to the kidney and the liver | Chloroform |
| Drug to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders (anticholinergic/antipsychotic) | Chlorpromazine |
| An organophosphate that increases the effectiveness of acetylcholine. | Cholinesterase Inhibitor |
| Found in plants, apple seeds, mango seeds, peach pits, bitter almonds; affects CNS and heart. | Cyanide |
| Used to treat acute symptomatic gout | Colchicine |
| Anticoagulant medication | Dicumerol |
| Used to increase cardiac contractility (antiarrhythmic agent); overdose can cause a heart block | Digitalis |
| Best substance to remove lead from blood chelation therapy | EDTA |
| A substance that makes you vomit; if the toxic substance is taken by mouth normally then use an emetic to get rid of it (don't use with gasoline) | Emetic |
| Used to treat anaphylactic shock | Epinephrine |
| Used for arthritis (RA and OA) | Feldene |
| Removal of stomach contents via a pump followed by a saline rinse in order to eliminate poisons from the stomach | Gastric Lavage |
| Used to treat psychotic disorders and used to control motor tics and verbal tics in adults and children who have Tourette's | Haldol (Haloperidol) |
| Blue gums, basophilic stippling of the RBC's, seen in battery factory workers, affects the CNS and causes insomnia, delirium, tremors, cognitive deficits, convulsions and IDA. | Lead Poisoning |
| Drug used to treat bipolarity and produces tremors | Lithium |
| Strong alkaloid, highest volume found in industrial chemicals, found in some soaps, cleaners and degreasers. Can causechemical burns, scarring and blindness. | Lye |
| Peripheral neuropathies, brain damage, kidney and liver problems. | Mercury Toxicity |
| Wood alcohol; CND depressant; used in plastics, plywood, pains, explosives; highly toxic and causes blindness | Methanol |
| Used to treat episodes of angina in people who have CAD. | Nitroglycerine |
| Calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension or angina | Norvasc |
| Analgesic used to treat mild pain but does not treat inflammation | Phenaphen |
| Used to treat depression, OCD, some eating disorders and panic attacks. | Prozac |
| Antipsychotic and antihypertensive drug that has been used for the control of high BP and for the relief of psychotic symptoms. Rarely used today. | Reserpine |
| Aspirin. Causes bleeding; inhibits prostaglandins, and associated with deafness and Reye's syndrome. | Salicylates |
| Brand name for a drug with an active ingredient called secobarbital. It is a barbiturate that is classified as a sedative-hypnotic. Used to treat insomnia and may also be prescribed to reduce anxiety or to help calm patients before surgery. | Seconal |
| Treats Depression | Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor |
| Pesticide that causes muscular convulsions | Strychnine |
| Induces Vomitting | Syrup of Ipecac |
| Predisposes elderly to falls | Tranquilizers |
| Anti-depressant | Tricyclic |
| Causes HTN in those taking MAO inhibitors (antidepressants) and is found in wine and cheese. | Tyramine |
| An anticoagulant; Vitamin K antagonist; Increase clotting time | Warfarin/Coumadin |
| Chronic respiratory disease caused by the inhalation of various mineral or metallic particles | Pneumoconiosis |
| Caused by inhalation of asbestos dusts and leads to what? | Asbestosis; Meothelioma |
| Caused by iron dust | Siderosis |
| Caused by coal dust | Anthracosis |
| Caused by cotton dust and in textile workers | Byssinosis |
| Caused by glass, Sand/Stone dust (Pottery) | Silicosis |
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