Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MAT SocSciRev
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adler, Alfred | (1870-1937) Austrian psychiatrist; inferiority complex |
| Allison, Graham | (b. 1940) American political scientist, has worked in decision-making and is an important analyst of national security |
| Barzun, Jacques | (b. 1907) American historian specializing in expressions of culture like music, literature, and education |
| Behaviorism | (Psychology) School of thought in psychology since the early 1900s. Suggests that behavior can be explained by means of environmental causes. Proponents were John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner, for example. Focus on classical and operant condi |
| Benedict, Ruth | (1887-1948) American anthropologist; author of Patterns of Culture |
| Binet, Alfred | (1851-1911) and Simon, Theodore (1873-1961) French psychologists; development of IQ tests |
| Boas, Franz | (1858-1942) German American anthropologist; known for being the "father" of modern anthropology as he applied the scientific method to his anthropological studies |
| Cognitive Psychology | Focuses on mental processes including how people think, perceive, remember, and learn. One of the most influential theories was the stages of cognitive development theory proposed by Jean Piaget. Other cognitive psychologists include Albert Bandura, Danie |
| Coleman, James | (1926-1995) American sociologist; one of the early users of the term "social capital" |
| Cultural Materialism | (Anthropology) Attaches special importance to technology and economic factors in the development of a society. |
| Dewey, John | (1859-1952) American educator/philosopher; pragmatism |
| DuBois, W. E. B. | (1868-1963) American sociologist and historian; active in the area of racism |
| Durkheim, Emile | (1859-1917) French sociologist; considered one of the fathers of modern sociology |
| Erikson, Erik | (1902-1994) American psychologist; stage theory of development |
| Ferguson, Niall | (b. 1964) Scottish historian specializing in financial and economic history |
| Freud, Sigmund | (1856-1939) Austrian psychiatrist; sexual drive, Oedipus complex |
| Friedman, Milton | (1912-2006) American economist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in economics; opposed government regulation |
| Functionalism | (Anthropology, Sociology) Applies the scientific method to the examination of the social world (e.g., social surveys, interviews) and uses analogies between individual organisms and society. Emphasis is on use. Proponents include Emile Durkheim and Talcot |
| Gall, Franz Joseph | (1758-1828) German anatomist/physiologist; study of nervous system and brain, founded pseudoscience of phrenology |
| Galton, Sir Francis | (1822-1911) English scientist; belief in heredity as predeterminant force, IQ tests |
| Geertz, Clifford | (1926-2006) American anthropologist; worked in the field of symbolic anthropology, which attributes special importance to thoughts (symbols) |
| Gestalt Psychology | Developed in Germany and Austria in the late 19th century. Gestalt psychologists believe that the conscious experience must be considered as a whole, rather than broken down into small elements. The whole is greater than just the sum of its parts. Pronone |
| Gibbon, Edward | (1737-1794) English historian who wrote The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire |
| Goffman, Erving | (1922-1982) American sociologist who studied social interaction |
| Goodall, Jane | (b. 1934) American anthropologist and primatologist; known for her chimpanzee studies in Tanzania |
| Greenspan, Alan | (b. 1926) American economist; former chairman of the Federal Reserve |
| Harlow, Harry | (1905-1981) American psychologist; importance of attachment for baby monkeys |
| Heterodox economics | Economic schools of thought that are outside of mainstream economics. They include the Austrian School, ecological economics, and Post-Keynesian economics. |
| Horney, Karen | (1885-1952) American psychiatrist; importance of social and cultural influences on behavior |
| Huizinga, Johan | (1872-1945) Dutch historian, one of the founders of modern culrural history |
| Humanistic Psychology | Developed in the 1950s in response to both behaviorism and psychoanalysis. Focused on individual free will, personal growth, and self-actualization. Major proponents include Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. |
| Hume, David | (1711-1776) Scottish philosopher; use of induction |
| Huntington, Samuel | (1927-2008) American political scientist, famous for his theory of the "Clash of Civilizations" |
| James, William | (1842-1910) American philosopher; pragmatism, functionalism |
| J ung, Carl | (1875-1961) Swiss psychiatrist; self-realization |
| Kant, Immanuel | (1724-1804) German philosopher; proposed categorical imperative |
| Keynes, John Maynard | (1883-1946) British developer of Keynesian economics, founder of modern theoretical macroeconomics |
| Kohlberg, Lawrence | (1927-1987) American psychologist; moral stages of development |
| Kohler, Wolfgang | (1887-1967) German-American psychologist; Gestaltist, worked with chimps |
| Krugman, Paul | (b. 1953) American economist; won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2008 for his work on New Trade Theory |
| Leibnitz, Gottfried | (1646-1716) German philosopher/mathematician; use of deduction |
| Malinowski, Bronislaw | (1884-1942) Polish anthropologist, pioneer in ethnographic fieldwork |
| Malthus, Thomas | (1766-1834) English demographer and political economist; noted the potential for populations to increase rapidly, and more rapidly than the food supply |
| Mansfield, Harvey | (b. 1932) American political scientist; conservative; author of Manliness |
| Marx, Karl | (1818-1883) German economist; founder of communism |
| Mill, John Stuart | (1806-1873) English philosopher; used principle of utility |
| Nye, Joseph | (b. 1937) American political scientist; developed the concepts of asymmetrical and complex interdependence with Robert Keohane Parsons. |
| Talcott | (1902-1979) American sociologist; developed structural functionalism as a means of analyzing society |
| Patterson, Orlando | (b. 1940) American sociologist known for his work on race |
| Pavlov, Ivan | (1849-1936) Russian physiologist/psychologist, conditioning of reflexes, worked with dogs |
| Peirce, Charles Sanders | (1839-1914) American philosopher; pragmatist |
| Piaget, Jean | (1896-1980) Swiss psychologist; stage theory of intellectual development |
| Psychoanalysis | (Psychology) Founded by Sigmund Freud. States that the human mind is composed of three elements: the id, the ego, and the superego. The unconscious plays an important role in the explanation of behavior. Other psychoanalysts include Anna Freud, Carl Jung, |
| Sachs, Jeffrey | (b. 1954) American economist; author of The End of Poverty; Special Advisor to United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon |
| Skinner, B[jurrhus] F[rederic] | (1904-1990) American psychologist; behaviorist; studied effects of reinforcement on behavior; worked with rats, pigeons (Skinner box) |
| Smith, Adam | (1723-1790) English; one of the founders of modern economics, author of The Wealth of Nations |
| Strauss, Claude Levi | (1908-2008) French anthropologist; author of Structural Anthropology; viewed culrure as a system of symbolic communication |
| Structuralism | (Anthropology, Sociology) Suggests that meaning is produced through practices and activities. The mind uses binary opposites (like day and night) that differ from culture to culture. Proponents include Claude Levi-Strauss. |
| Symbolic interactionism | (Sociology) People interact with each other by interpreting each other's actions. Their interactions are therefore based on the meaning they attach to the actions. Proponents include George H. Mead, Herbert Blumer, and Erving Goffman. |
| Thorndike, Edward | (1874-1949) American educator! psychologist; intelligence, IQ tests, worked with cats |
| Titchener, Edward | (1867-1927) American psychologist; structuralist |
| von Ranke, Leopold | (1795-1886) German historian considered one of the founders of modern source-based history |
| Walzer, Michael | (b. 1935) American political philosopher; known for his work on just and unjust wars, economic justice, and ethnicity |
| Watson, John | (1878-1958) American psychologist; behaviorist |
| Weber, Max | (1864-1920) German sociologist; argued in The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism that Protestantism influenced the development of capitalism |
Created by:
markda714
Popular Social Studies sets