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Middle Ages
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Charlemagne | Early French king who went on to become emperor of the Romans |
| Middle Ages | Time period from approximately 500 Ad to 1500 AD |
| Viking | Fierce warriors from the north who raided towns in Europe, stealing valuables and killing many they came in contact with |
| Feudalism | A system of protection and loyalties during the Middle Ages |
| Serf | Lower class farmers who worked the land for the lord and were NOT allowed to leave |
| Noble | People born into wealthy, powerful families |
| Knight | Trained soldiers (warriors) who rode on horseback and provided military service and protection to the nobles. |
| Chivalry | A code of conduct/behavior that includes bravery, loyalty and honesty |
| Tournaments | Series of competitions in which a knight competed |
| Battle of Hastings | Norman conquest of England over the Anglo-Saxons in 1066 |
| Pope | The head of the Christian church in Medieval Europe |
| Clergy | Leaders of the church; ex. priests, bishops, pastors |
| Cathedral | Hugh churches often decorated with stained-glass windows |
| Black Death | Disease that spread rapidly through Europe in the 14th century killing close to 1/3 of its population |
| Magna Carta | First official document that protected the rights of the people from the king |
| King John | King of England who was forced to sign the Magna Carta |
| Crusades | A series of battles in which the Christian church tried to regain control of the Holy Land |
| Manor System | An economic system used during the Middle Ages |
| Renaissance | A period of rebirth of learning in Europe. |
| Reformation | The period when several church leaders broke away from the Roman Catholic church and created new branches of Christianity |
| Fief | A contract of land. |
| Clergy | Term for religious leaders. |
| Vassal | A servant for someone else. They perform certain dues for the lord or noble. |