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Chap 11 Gr10 History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abolitionist | Name given to people who wanted immediate end of slavery |
| Annex | To add or take over a land claim |
| Compromise of 1850 | Act that included an offer to give Texas 10 million dollars not to pursue to be part of New Mexico Territory |
| fire-eaters | A group of southern political leaders who held extreme pro-slavery views |
| Free-state | any state that banned slavery |
| Free-soil party | Anti-slavery Whigs and Democrats that formed a party in response to no party addressing the slavery issue. |
| Gag rule | Resolution passed to ban any mention of slavery in congress. |
| Henry clay's role in compromise | Strong supporter of slavery compromise between the North and south to preserve the Union. |
| John c. Calhoun | south's elder statesman and a leader fire-eater with pro-slavery views. |
| Lewis Cass | Michigan Senator that proposed concept of popular sovereignty (letting citizens of territories vote on allowing slavery) |
| Missouri Compromise | Act that banned slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of 36 30'- Missouri's southern boundary. |
| Winfield Scott | Mexican War hero who was the Whigs candidate in the election of 1852 |
| Abraham Lincoln's senatorial race | Challenged Stephen Douglas for the Illinois senate in 1868; challenged Douglas to a series of seven debates. Attacked slavery issue in Dred Scott decision. |
| Confederate States of america | The Confederacy; nation formed by the southern states that seceded from the Union in 1861. |
| Dredd Scott decision | Supreme court decision in 1857 that ruled that African Americans were not U.S.citizens, that the Missouri compromise's restriction on slavery was unconstitutional, and that congress did not have the right to ban slavery in any federal territory. |
| Freeport Doctrine | Statement made by Stephen Douglas during the Lincoln debates arguing that people in the territories had the power to ban slavery by refusing to pass laws to protect it. |
| John Brown | Abolitionist who led both the Pottawatomie Massacre and the attack on the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry. |
| John Breckinridge | Pres. candidate in election of 1860 nominated by southern democrats who did not support democrat Stephen Douglas |
| Lincoln & Abolition | Supported abolition and freedom for slaves |
| Roger B. Taney | Supreme court Chief Justice that decided the Dred Scott Decision 1857 |
| Secession | Vote by Southern states that left the Union to form the Confederate States of America |
| States' Rights | States had right to make own laws, make slavery legal. |
| Wilmot Provision | An 1846 proposal to outlaw slavery in any territory added to the U.S. by the Mexico cession; passed in the house of Representatives but was defeated in the senate. |
| Zachary Taylor | Mexican War hero general who was the Whig party candidate in the 1848 presidential election. Supported also by Free Soil Party. Won the election. |
| 1852 election | Won by Democrat Franklin Pierce, strong supporter of Compromise of 1850. |
| Congress & the Kansas- Nebraska Act | One of the fears of Congress was that if a territory voted for slavery, it would cause many whites to lose their jobs. |
| Arguments against the Kansas- Nebraska act | Besides anti-slavery, many were worried about losing jobs. Violence in Kansas between pro and anti- slavery |
| 1856 election | Republican (anti-slavery) john C. Feemont lost to democrat (pro Kansas Nebraska Act) James Buchanon |
| Emigrant Aid Company | Organized by New Englanders to promote an effort to help anti-slavery families pick-up and move. |
| Frederick Douglass | former slave who turned into a strong abolitionist |
| Fugitive Slave Act | Another divisive act that made helping runaway slaves escape a federal crime |
| James Buchanan | Managed to win presidency in 1856 by receiving enough support from slave and free states |
| Lecompton Constitution controversy | It was a joke because it was passed by pro-slavery voters only |
| Popular sovereignty & Lecompton Constitution | Event in Kansas that was caused by efforts to increase number of voters on both sides of slavery issue |
| Pottawatomie Massacre | An attack on a pro-slavery settlement in Kansas led by abolitionist John Brown where five men were dragged from their beds and murdered. |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin reactions | radicalized feelings in the north and south |
| Winfield Scott | Famous US general, led American forces to victory in Mexico. He then became presidential candidate of the Whig party in 1852 |
| Abraham Lincoln's Senatorial race | ran against Stephen Douglas in 1858. Douglas won, but the pre-election debates were for Lincoln |
| Confederate States of America | States that seceded or left the country in 1861 chose this name for their new nation |
| Dred Scott decision | Supreme Court ruled that African Americans were not citizens, and therefore couldn't have the rights given to citizens |
| Freeport Doctrine | a plan developed by Sen. Stephen Douglas suggesting people of the respective Western Terriotories |
| John Brown | radical sometimes violent abolitionists that, in 1859, tried to start a slave rebellion by leading an attack on arsenal at Harper's Ferry |
| John Breckinridge | A democrat from the south, lost to Lincoln in 1860,thought Congress had right to protect slavery |
| Lincoln and Abolition | Had a moderate stance on slavery. He was far more interested in preserving the Union, then he was freeing slaves |
| Roger B. Taney | Chief justice of the Supreme Court, who handed down the Dred Scott decision and others that favored southern interests |
| Secession | when a state leaves the country |
| States' rights | A strong political belief, especially in the South, that the Federal Government shouldn't interfere with state laws |
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