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American Revolution
Test on Thursday
Question | Answer |
---|---|
George Washington | Leader of the Continental Army |
Thomas Jefferson | Wrote the Declaration of Independence |
Thomas Paine | Wrote the pamphlet "Common Sense" |
Paul Revere | Famous for his midnight ride to warn the colonists of British |
Benjamin Franklin | Was a printer, writer, publisher, inventor, and scientist |
King George lll | King of England during the American Revolution |
John Adams | 2nd president of the U.S. |
Patrick Henry | Wrote an angry speech against the Stamp Act |
Samuel Adams | Leader of the Sons of Liberty in Boston |
Lord Dunmore | A Loyalist Governor of Virginia |
Mercy Otis Warren | A Patriot writer that wrote plays and poems supporting Independence |
Who was General Thomas Gage? | British governor of Massachusetts; learned the Patriots were storing gunpowder and cannons in Concord, Massachusetts |
Why were the British soldiers going to march at night? | So they could surprise the Patriots |
Who were the two Patriots that warned the colonists of the British? | Paul Revere and William Dawes |
Which side shot first at the battle of Lexington & Concord? | No one knows |
Where did the militia force the British to retreat to? | Boston |
What happened after news traveled about the Battles of Lexington & Concord? | The militias gathered in Boston |
Why did militia leaders want to build a fort on a hill? | So they could see them coming and shoot them |
What was the actual name of the hill that the fort was built on? | Breeds Hill |
How many times did the British attack the fort? | 3 times |
The British captured the fort even though.... | More than half of their soldiers were killed or injured |
Why was the Battle of Bunker Hill significant? | It was the start of the Revolutionary War |
When and where did the 2nd Continental Congress meet? | May 10, 1755; Philadelphia |
Two members of the Continental Congress: | Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin |
Two accomplishments made during the meeting: | 1.Organized Continental Army; named George Washington as leader 2.Declared Independence from Britain; adopted July 4th as holiday |
In the Battle of Saratoga, the British began an attack from where? | Canada |
Where did the Americans stop the British? | Saratoga, New York |
How many battles did both armies fight? Who won the battles? | Two; Americans |
What General and how many British soldiers were forced to surrender? | General Burgoyne; 5,000 soldiers |
The battle of Saratoga was considered a what in the war? | A turning point |
Who had been trying to get what country to help out with the war? | Benjamin Franklin; France |
After the victory of Saratoga, what was France convinced of? | The Americans could win the war |
What did France send to help with the war? | Money, soldiers, and a Navy |
Name three countries that helped with the war against Britain? | Spain, Russia, and the Netherlands |
General Cornwallis led the British Army to where in Virginia? | Yorktown |
Who marched the Continental Army south to Virginia? | George Washington |
The Americans and what other country fired cannons in Yorktown? | France |
Why was Cornwallis trapped in Yorktown? | The French Navy surrounded them |
The British Army did what in Yorktown? | They surrendered |
Why was the Battle of Yorktown so important? | It was the last major battle of the war |
When was the Treaty of Paris signed? | September 3, 1783 |
What did the Treaty of Paris officially do? | It was an agreement between the U.S. and Britain saying that America won the war |
What two things did Britain agree to? | 1. Recognized independence of the U.S. 2. Gave the U.S. all land east of Mississippi River, south of Canada, the Great Lakes, and north of Florida |
Benedict Arnold | Spy for British; general in American Revolution; a traitor to America |
Crispus Attucks | Former slave; killed in Boston Massacre |
Lord North | British prime minister; started taxing colonists |
John Hancock | President of Congress; first to sign Declaration of Independence |
John Paul Jones | Leader of American Navy |
Francis Scott Key | Wrote the Star Spangled Banner |
Abigail Adams | Wife of John Adams; often wrote and gave advice to him during American Revolution |
Charles Cornwallis | British general in American Revolution; surrendered in Yorktown |
Nathanael Greene | Commander of American Army in the south |
Marquis de Lafayette | Helped lead American soldiers in many battles |
Baron Von Steuben | Prussian soldier; helped train soldiers in Valley Forge |
Continental Armies: | 230,000 state militias; 8,000 French troops; 5,000 African Americans; 2 Iroquois tribes |
Continental Army's Navies: | 2,000 privateers; about 350 French and Spanish ships |
Continental Army Leaders: | George Washington; French alies; foreign volunteers |
Continental Army Advantages: | Good leadership; new the land well; invented riffle; had experienced French and Indian leaders; strong motivation |
Continental Army Disadvantages: | Inexperienced army; short army terms; new navy; insufficient supplies; near bankrupt |
Continental Army Strategies/Tactics: | Hit and run tactics; querrillia tactics learned from Indians; 18th century war strategies and tactics |
British Armies: | 50,000 loyalists; African Americans; Native Americans; 3 Iroquois tribes |
British Army's Navies: | About 460 ships |
British Army Leaders: | William Howe and Henery Clinton |
British Army Advantages: | Strongest army and navy in the world; Indian support; loyalist cooperation; lots of money; colorful uniforms (also a disadvantage) |
British Army Disadvantages: | Weak motivation; unaggrassive officer; 3,000 miles from home base; easy targets because of uniforms |
What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence? | Colonists wanted to be free from British government |
On what date was the Declaration of Independence approved? | July 4, 1776 |
What is the first truth mentioned in the Declaration of Independence? | All men are created equal |
What unalienable rights does the Declaration of Independence say people have? | Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness |
What does the Declaration of Independence say people have the right to do if a government becomes destructive? | Get rid of the government and create a new one |
Why is the Declaration of Independence one of the most important documents in history? | It was the start of our country |
Patriot | Someone who wanted freedom and fought against the British |
Loyalist | Someone who is loyal to the British |
Neutralist | Someone who can't pick between the patriots and the loyalists |