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7-1.4--7-1.5 Review
Quick Overview of 7-1.4--7-1.5 (does NOT include all terms)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Feudalism | system in Europe before the 1600s under which nobles with self-sufficient manors shaped the economy and controlled resources |
| Mercantilism | the theory that a nation became richer and more powerful by regulating trade so that it had a favorable balance of trade (having more valuable exports than imports) so it could build up its supplies of bullion (gold and silver) |
| Caboceers | African officials appointed by African governments or societies to trade (exchange) slaves to Europeans |
| King Alfonso I of the Congo | a Christian, he appealed to two different Popes (head of the Catholic Church) in 1529 and again in 1539 to stop the slave trade. The Popes did not end the slave trade |
| Queen Nzinga | In the 1640s and 1650s, she led an army against Portuguese slave traders in what is today Angola |
| Pilgrims | English, Puritan settlers who established the settler colony of Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620 to gain their religious freedom |
| Communism | system where an unlimited or totalitarian government controls the people and the economy, and owns all land, factories, and natural resources |
| Capitalism | a type of economy in which the means of production (land, factories, and natural resources) are privately owned and operated for profit in a competitive market |
| Economy | the organized way in which a people produce, sell, and buy goods and services |
| Plymouth | Massachusetts settler colony founded in 1620 by English, Puritan settlers in order to have religious freedom |
| Jamestown | first successful British colonial settlement in North America; established in Virginia in 1607 |
| Slave Revolt in Haiti | slaves in French St. Domingue, led by Toussaint L’Ouverture, revolted in the 1790s in the only slave rebellion in history which led to the creation of an independent country |
| Silk Road | the difficult, unsafe, 4,000 mile long road connecting Europe to China. Europeans traveled it to get silk and spices from China before finding a water passage to China. |
| Middle Class | a group of merchants and artisans who earned their income (money) by investing or working in commerce (trade) |
| Viceroy | a person who rules a colony for a king or queen; this type official ruled Spanish and Portuguese colonies |
| Stono Rebellion | In 1739, this was the largest slave rebellion ever in South Carolina; it was unsuccessful and virtually all of rebelling slaves were executed |
| Representative Government | when citizens vote for others who will rule, make, and enforce laws on their behalf; English colonies in North America had this type government |
| Fur Trade | the buying from Native Americans and selling to Europeans of animal skins, especially by the French in colonial North America |
| Settler Colony | A type of colony designed to attract enough people to establish a firm foothold in another land for the mother country |
| Tribal Warfare in Africa | wars fought by African tribes to capture slaves; these led to the loss of workers, economic problems, decreased (lower) population, and broke up families |
| Middle Passage | the part of the Triangular Trade during which African slaves were sent to the Americas. Conditions for slaves were so horrible that about one third of all slaves (millions, overall) died during this |
| Resistance Movments | when Africans tried to stop the European slave trade, either by attacking European slave traders in Africa or by revolting on the slave ships |
| Adam Smith | In 1776, he published the book The Wealth of Nations, which outlined the basic principles (ideas) of modern capitalism |
| Commercial Revolution | when European countries began to buy and sell large quantities (amounts) of goods over long distances; it led to booms and busts (high and low points) in economies, and people began to work for wages (money) |
| Indentured Servant | a person, usually a poor person from England / Great Britain, who signed an agreement (typically for seven years) to work (usually on a farm or plantation) in a colony, normally in British North America, during the 1600s and 1700s |
| Plantation system | a system of setting up large farms, especially in colonies in warm climates with lots of rain, that typically grew sugar cane, coffee, rice, tobacco, or cotton |
| Means of Production | factories, land, and natural resources used to make products (goods) |
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oburnette
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