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7-6.3 Burnette
Persian Gulf War, 9-11, and Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Middle East | the region where the continents of Europe, Africa, and Asia come together, its most important countries are Israel, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia |
| Persian Gulf War | 1991 war between the U.S. and its allies, and Iraq, which forced the Iraqi Army out of Kuwait, which Iraq had invaded; the U.S. won |
| Terrorist Attack on September 11, 2001 | Muslim, Arab, terrorist attacks against the United States; led to the “Global War on Terror,” and U.S. invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan |
| War in Iraq | U.S. led invasion of Iraq in 2003 because it was thought that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein supported terrorism; Hussein was overthrown and executed |
| War in Afghanistan | when the U.S. invaded Afghanistan in 2001 to destroy the terrorist group Al Qaeda and the Taliban, the local government which allowed Al Qaeda to operate in Afghanistan |
| Israel | a country founded in the British Mandate of Palestine in 1948 in order to give the Jewish people, and especially survivors of the Holocaust, a homeland |
| exacerbate | to make something worse |
| Fossil fuels | fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas formed in fossil deposits; burning them releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere |
| United Nations | international peace-keeping organization formed at the end of World War II |
| moderator | a person or organization which solves problems or keeps things from getting worse |
| Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait | when Iraq invaded its small neighbor, Kuwait, in 1990 in order to take Kuwait’s oil |
| Kuwait | small, oil-rich country next to Iraq |
| Saddam Hussein | President and dictator of Iraq, invaded Iran and Kuwait, captured and executed for war crimes after U.S. invaded Iraq |
| dictator | a person who rules a country with absolute (no limits to) power |
| trade embargo | when a country is not allowed to buy or sell goods and services with other countries |
| coalition | groups or countries working together to achieve a specific goal; a temporary alliance |
| Saudi Arabia | large, oil rich country in the Middle East; U.S. ally |
| Operation Desert Storm | 1991 war fought by the U.S. and its allies to free Kuwait from Iraqi control; U.S. won and freed Kuwait, but did not take over Iraq |
| disrupt | to mess up; to make it so that something does not work |
| operations | military plans, activities, or campaigns |
| President George H.W. Bush | U.S. President 1989-1993, to include during the collapse of the Soviet Union and the first Gulf War |
| extensive | a great deal, a whole lot |
| September 11, 2001 (9-11) | date of the Al Qaeda terrorist attacks against the United States |
| Al Qaeda | Muslim, Arab, terrorist organization led by Osama bin Laden that attacked the U.S. on September 11, 2001; its goal is to have all Western ideas and influences removed from the Middle East |
| Osama bin Laden | leader of Al Qaeda, a Muslim, Arab, terrorist organization; killed by the U.S. in a 2011 raid |
| intervene | to become involved in something in an attempt to change things |
| casualties | people who are hurt or killed |
| President George W. Bush | U.S. President from 2001-2009, fought the global war on terror, to include the War in Iraq and the War in Afghanistan |
| "Ground Zero" | the exact center of a major attack, often referred to as the World Trade Center twin towers for the 9-11 attack |
| the Pentagon | the five-sided main headquarters for all the U.S. military services, located just outside of Washington, D.C. |
| United Flight 93 | the flight on 9-11 where passengers stopped the Al Qaeda hijackers but crashed the plane in Pennsylvania; everyone died on impact |
| trajectory | the path of an object in motion (such as a flight path) |
| presumed | something that is thought to be true but is not known for sure |
| "Global War on Terrorism" | President George W. Bush’s plan to hunt down and get rid of all terrorist organizations in the world, wherever they might be |
| Central Intelligence Agency (C.I.A.) | one of the United States government’s main intelligence gathering (spying) agencies |
| the Taliban | the Islamic fundamentalist government in Afghanistan that supported Al Qaeda and allowed it to use Afghanistan as a base |
| transitional | the period of time when something changes from one state or stage to another |
| Hamid Karzai | the President of Afghanistan appointed by the U.S. after it invaded and defeated the Taliban |
| Weapons of Mass Destruction (W.M.D.) | nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons that can cause mass casualties |
| Kurds | a Western Asian ethnic group of people who live in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, and who want but do not have their own country |
| Baghdad | the capital city of Iraq |
| Iraqi Shi’ites | an Iraqi Islamic sect which was discriminated against by the more dominant Sunni Muslims |
Created by:
oburnette
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