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7-5.4 Burnette
The Cold War: Korea, Berlin, Vietnam, Cuba, and the space race
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Korean Conflict | 1950-1953 war in Korea (part of the Cold War) during which the U.S., South Korea, and some allies fought against Communist China and North Korea with support from the Soviet Union; there was no clear winner |
| Berlin Wall | wall put up by the communist Soviet Union around Berlin in 1961 to keep East Germans from escaping to democratic West Berlin; its fall in 1989 led to German reunification |
| Vietnam War | 1956-1975 war fought between communist North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union and China, and relatively free South Vietnam, supported by the U.S.; North Vietnam won |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | 1962 crisis between the Soviet Union and the U.S. over the Soviets trying to place nuclear missiles in Cuba; almost led to nuclear combat and WWIII; resolved peacefully |
| "Space Race" | competition between the Soviet Union and the U.S. to be the first to make a series of important achievements in space exploration and technology |
| Nuclear Annihilation | what would happen if WWIII had started between the Soviet Union and the U.S. and each side used hundreds or thousands of nuclear weapons, killing millions of people and greatly damaging the Earth |
| "hot" war | a type of war where the two sides are actually shooting at each other |
| peninsula | a somewhat narrow body of land going out into a sea or ocean, and which is surrounded by water on three sides |
| thirty-eighth parallel | the line of latitude dividing North Korea from South Korea |
| regime | a government which is in power |
| impasse | a situation where neither side can win |
| cease-fire agreement | an agreement for two sides in a war to stop shooting each other |
| demilitarized zone | a strip of land between two countries where neither side can have their army |
| aptly | accurately; did a good job at |
| Iron Curtain | the physical and cultural barriers between the free, democratic West and the totalitarian, communist East during the Cold War |
| marked | very noticeable or obvious |
| consumer goods | things that people use or consume and which do not last very long such as food or clothing |
| standard of living | how wealthy or comfortable a people are, how many things they have |
| defections | when a person leaves their country or army and goes and joins another one |
| East Berlin | the part of Berlin that the Soviet Union got after WWII and made communist |
| West Berlin | the part of Berlin that the western Allies got after WWII and made free and democratic |
| Indochina | French Indochina was the part of Southeast Asia France colonized; it included Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia |
| Ho Chi Minh | led the movement for an independent Vietnam; led North Vietnam during the Vietnam war until he died in 1969 |
| Domino Theory | the idea that if one nation fell to communism, then others, like dominos, around the world would also become communist |
| seventeenth parallel | the line of latitude splitting North Vietnam from South Vietnam |
| Ngo Dinh Diem | corrupt and ineffective leader of South Vietnam during the early part of the Vietnam War; assassinated in 1963 |
| South Vietnam | the relatively free part of Vietnam which the U.S. supported during the Vietnam War; it lost |
| President Lyndon Johnson | U.S. President from 1963-1969 during the Vietnam War and the Civil Rights era |
| Vietcong | communists in South Vietnam |
| Guerilla warfare | warfare fought by military groups who do not wear uniforms and who do not follow the normal laws of warfare |
| North Vietnam | the communist part of Vietnam; it won the Vietnam War and took over South Vietnam |
| Fidel Castro | led the revolution which made Cuba communist in 1959, ruled Cuba from 1959--2008 |
| President John F. Kennedy | U.S. President from 1961—1963 during the Cuban Missile Crisis, also launched the “space race” |
| implement | to set up, or to put into place |
| naval blockade around Cuba | when President Kennedy used the U.S. navy to stop all Soviet ships trying to get to Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis |
| concessions | when each side in a conflict gives in a little in order to reach an agreement |
| Arms Race | a competition to build more weapons and missiles, especially with regard to the U.S. and the Soviet Union during the Cold War |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization (N.A.T.O.) | a military and political alliance formed by western European, democratic countries and the United States in 1949 during the Cold War |
| Warsaw Pact | a communist military and political alliance, dominated by the Soviet Union, formed in response to NATO during the Cold War |
| armaments | weapons |
| Hydrogen Bomb | a nuclear weapon which is a fusion bomb, more powerful than an atomic bomb |
| Sputnik | In 1957, this was the first satellite launched into space. The Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) did this. |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) | led U.S. space programs during the “space race” so that the U.S. was the first to land a man on the moon in 1969; still leads U.S. space programs today |
| Détente | a policy under Presidents Nixon, Ford, and, partly, Carter from 1971 until the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in December, 1979 which represented a “relaxation of tensions” between the Soviet Union and the United States |
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oburnette
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