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AC-Final Exam Terms
Am. Cultures - Final Exam Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Imperialism | Policy of a stronger nation attempting to create an empire by dominating weaker countries - economically, politically, culturally or militarily |
| Spheres of Influence | Area of economic and political control exerted by one country over another |
| Yellow Journalism | Media coverage of an event that uses wild exaggerations |
| Dollar Diplomacy | A foreign policy created by U.S. President William Taft aimed at encouraging the investment of U.S. capital in foreign economies |
| Nationalism | Pride, loyalty, and devotion to one's country |
| Muckraker | Journalist who uncovers wrongdoing in politics or business |
| Progressives | Reformers, including Republicans, Democrats, and members of other political parties, who shared the common beliefs that Government should: be more accountable to its citizens, curb the power/influence of wealthy interests, & be more efficient/less corrupt |
| Direct Primary | Election in which all citizens, not party leaders, select candidates for state and local offices in upcoming elections |
| Socialism | Economic and political philosophy favoring public or government control of property and income |
| 16th Amendment | Authorized Congress to collect federal income taxes (it enabled the government to get more revenues from people with higher incomes) |
| 17th Amendment | Allowed direct election of senators |
| 18th Amendment | Prohibited the production, sale, or import of liquor |
| 19th Amendment | Granted women full suffrage (right to vote) |
| Rationing | Distributing goods to consumers in a fixed amount |
| Versailles Treaty | A treaty signed by Germans at Versailles (the former home of French kings) outside of Paris on the 11th hour of the 11th day of November 1919, which put an end to WWI |
| Nativism | The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants |
| Laissez faire | Policy dictating a minimum of governmental interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society - government should leave business alone and allow it to grow |
| Communism | Official ideology of the Soviet Union, characterized by complete government ownership of land and property, single-party control of the government, the lack of individual rights, and the call for worldwide revolution |
| Red Scare | Intense fear of communism and other politically radical ideas |
| Social Security | System established by the 1935 Social Security Act to provide financial security, in the form of regular payments, to retired individuals as well as money for those with disabilities |
| SEC | Securities and Exchange Commission was set up to regulate the stock market |
| FDIC | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insures bank deposits up to $5,000 |
| NRA | National Recovery Administration (formerly known as National Industrial Recovery Act - NIRA) worked with industries to establish codes outlining fair business and labor practices |
| TVA | Federal project to provide inexpensive electric power, flood control, and recreational opportunities to the Tennessee River valley |
| Fascism | Political philosophy that emphasizes the importance of the nation or an ethnic group, and the supreme authority of the leader over that of the individual |
| Non-Aggression PAct | An agreement signed between Hitler and Stalin, which guaranteed that Germany and Soviet Union would not attack each other for 10 years. This pact protected Germany from having to fight a two-front war in the soon-to-begin World War II |
| Open-Door Policy | A foreign affairs policy set by Secretary of State John Hay in 1899 that favored open trade relations between China and other countries |
| Woodrow Wilson | U.S. President from 1913-1921 (during WWI) |
| William McKinley | U.S. President from 1897–1901 (during the Spanish-American War, but was then assassinated) |
| William Taft | U.S. President from 1909-1913; he tried using Dollar Diplomacy to influence other countries; a split in his party caused him a victory in the Election of 1912 |
| Calvin Coolidge | U.S. President from 1923-1929 who believed that the “chief business of the American people is business.” |
| Warren Harding | U.S. President from 1921-1923 whose corruption scandals, like Teapot Dome, shed a negative view on his Presidency |
| Herbert Hoover | U.S. President from 1929-1933 (at the time of the great stock market crash); he had a laissez faire approach to resolving the Depression and felt that the key to recovery was self-confidence |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | U.S. President from 1933-1945; he restored confidence to America after the Great Depression by offering his New Deal |
| Glass-Steagall Banking Act of 1933 | Established a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to insure bank deposits up to $5,000 |
| Neville Chamberlain | British Prime Minister who tried to make deals with Hitler to try and keep peace |
| Winston Churchill | British Prime Minister who worked closely with the U.S. in developing a World War II strategy |
Created by:
tmgilbert
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