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Chapter 4 Part A
5th Grade History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Subsistence farming | When farmers produced just enough to meet the needs of their families. |
| Triangular trade | Trade routes across the Atlantic Ocean that formed a triangular shape. |
| Cash crop | Crops that could be sold easily in markets in the colonies and overseas |
| Diversity | Variety of different cultures |
| Tidewater | A region of flat, low lying plains along the seacoast |
| Backcountry | An area west of the Tidewater of hills and forests that climbed toward the Appalachian Mountains settled by newcomers. |
| Overseer | Bosses to keep slaves from working hard |
| Middle Passage | Shipping the enslaved Africans to the West Indies |
| Where was the shipping hub in America? | Northern and coastal cities |
| Where are the West Indies? | South of Florida—Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Jamaica |
| What did the colonies export to Africa? | Rum, iron, tools |
| What did they import from the West Indies? | goods and molasses |
| How were the settlers on the Tidewater different from those of the backcountry? | Wealthy and influential tidewater planters had large, self-contained plantations that used slave labor; backcountry farmers had little political and economic influence and worked small, family-run-farms |
| What did slave codes do? | They governed the behavior and punishment of enslaved people. |
| Mercantilism | An economic theory that states that as a nation’s trade grows, its gold reserves increase, and the nation becomes more powerful. |
| Export | The goods that are sold abroad to other countries. |
| Import | The goods that are brought in to a country from a foreign market |
| Smuggling | Trading illegally with other nations |
| Charter Colony | Colonies established by settlers who had been given a charter, or grant of rights and privileges |
| Proprietary Colony | Colonies like Delaware, Maryland, and Pennsylvania that were ruled by proprietors |
| Royal Colony | Colonies including Georgia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York and others that were directly ruled by Britain. |
| Apprentice | Learning assistants taught trades by craft workers |
| Literacy | The ability to read and write |
| Under mercantilism, who controlled trade and who supplied raw materials? | Trade was controlled by England, and the colonies served as a source of raw materials |
| How did the Magna Carta affect government in the colonies? | It established the principle of limited government in which the power of the monarchy or government was limited. As the colonies grew more of their governments made local laws. |
| What were the impacts (effects) of the Great Awakening? | Led to a revival of strong religious beliefs and helped promote a sense of American nationality |
| What were some contributions of women inside and outside of the home? | Inside: cooking, making clothes, tending livestock, working in the fields Outside: Working as maids, cooks, nurses, teachers, seamstresses, or shopkeepers |
| Why did Andrew Hamilton defend John Peter Zenger and free speech? | Hamilton believed that free speech was a basic right of the English people |
Created by:
freddaph
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