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7-4.1 Burnette
The causes and course of World War I
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| M.A.I.N. causes of World War I | Militarism, secret Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism |
| driving force | most important cause |
| Austro-Hungarian Empire | important, central European country made up of Austria and Hungary; collapsed after WWI |
| Ottoman Empire | Empire headed by Muslim, Ottoman Turks, centered in Turkey with holdings in the Balkans, the Middle East, and North Africa; broken up after WWI |
| Ethnic differences | differences in race, religious, language, and culture |
| Ideological differences | differences in social and political beliefs |
| Nationalism | the desire for a people to have self-rule; the belief that one’s country is better than others |
| Rivalries | when two countries repeatedly compete with each other |
| Natural resources | a country’s land, forests, minerals, and water, etc. |
| Imperialism | when a country takes over another country or people to gain access to its (their) natural resources and trade |
| Militarism | when a country’s military influences policy, often leading to aggressive foreign policy |
| Imperial | relating to nations with empires, having other lands or peoples they controlled |
| primer | something which causes something else to begin or start |
| the "Great War" | the first name given to what was later called World War I fought from 1914-1918 |
| "powder keg" | a potentially dangerous or explosive situation that can lead to war or disaster |
| the Balkans | area of Southeastern Europe with lots of ethnic and nationalistic conflict |
| assassination | the killing of an important public or political figure by surprise |
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, his assassination in 1914 set off the chain of events that would lead to World War I |
| Serbia | small, nationalistic, Balkan country that wanted to expand and exported terrorists |
| Secret Alliances | secret agreements between countries that ended up getting almost all of Europe involved in WWI |
| Trench Warfare | extremely deadly, horrible, and nasty form of war where two armies are stuck in trenches close to each other for long periods of time; it led to huge casualty rates on the Western Front during WWI |
| stalemate | when two sides are competing and neither can make progress or win |
| Western Front | Fighting in the west between Britain, France, and later the U.S., all against Germany during World War I |
| Eastern Front | Fighting in the east between Germany and Austria-Hungary versus Russia during World War I |
| Italian Front | Fighting in the south between Italy versus Austria-Hungary, which had help from Germany,during World War I |
| Czar Nicholas II | Incompetent last Czar (ruler) of Russia; lost WWI, defeated by the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War, was murdered along with all his family in 1918 |
| authoritarianism | when someone rules with absolute power or authority |
| Bolshevik (Russian) revolution | 1917 Revolution which overthrew the Czar, took Russia out of WWI, made Russia communist, and established the Soviet Union |
| Vladimir Lenin | Russian communist (Bolshevik) revolutionary who led the Russian Revolution and established the Soviet Union |
| neutrality | when a country does not take sides or get involved in a war between other nations |
| blockade | when a country uses its navy to stop other countries from trading with its enemies |
| unrestricted | without any limits |
| the Lusitania | a British passenger ship a German U-boat sank in 1915, making Americans very angry |
| Zimmerman Telegram | in 1917, when the Germans promised Mexico it would get Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back if they were on Germany’s side in the war |
| Unrestricted submarine warfare | when German submarines began to sink all targets, with no limits, including civilian ships in 1917 |
| "Make the world safe for democracy" | U.S. President Wilson’s idea that if the U.S. entered WWI, it would save democracy; it didn’t work because WWII happened later |
| American Expeditionary Force | the American army sent to Europe to help the Allies fight and win WWI |
| deflect | to make something change its path; when a moving object bounces off after it hits something |
| armistice | when two armies stop shooting at each other so their countries can discuss peace terms |
| the Allies | during World War I, this refers to Great Britain, France, Italy, the United States, Russia (until it quit the war) and Japan |
| the Central Powers | during World War I, this refers to Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria |
Created by:
oburnette
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