Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
7-3.4 Burnette
The Industrial Revolution and its impact
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Industrial Revolution | the movement in the late 1700s and early 1800s from an agricultural (farming) to an industrial economy based on production of factories and machine labor |
| Agricultural Revolution | sweeping changes in farming techniques which led to more food being grown by fewer people |
| Enclosure movement | when the British Parliament, beginning in the 1760s, allowed large landholders to fence off common lands, making bigger and more efficient farms |
| Crop rotation | rotating crops on three fields so that the soil would build nutrients back up |
| agricultural yields | how much of a crop can be grown on a given size of land |
| tenant farmers | farmers who work land owned by a landlord in exchange for cash or for a share of the crop |
| Factors of Production | land, workers, money, resources, businessmen (as of 1800) |
| Natural Resources | plants, trees, minerals, and fresh water found in nature and useful to humans |
| Entrepreneurs | persons who take the risk of owning or managing a business in hopes of making a profit |
| prosperity | successful; making and having enough money |
| Continental Europe | mainland Europe; the parts of Europe not including Britain, Iceland, and the islands in the Mediterranean Sea |
| imperialistic threats | when a country threatens to take over or control another country or people to gain access to its (their) natural resources and trade |
| Textile technology | the machines and techniques used to make textiles (woven cloth); advances in this technology sparked or made possible the Industrial Revolution |
| Flying shuttle | advanced textile production by doubling the amount of weaving a worker could do in one day |
| Spinning jenny | allowed one spinner to spin eight threads at a time |
| Water frame | used water to power spinning machines |
| Spinning mule | was invented as a combination of the spinning jenny and the water frame. It produced a stronger product than its predecessors |
| Water-powered loom | In 1787, this increased the speed of weaving yet again |
| Cotton gin | a tool used to efficiently remove the seeds from cotton, significantly increased cotton production following its invention in 1793 |
| "Cottage industries" | Handwork previously done at home (instead of factories) in earlier times (before the Industrial Revolution) |
| James Watt | invented the steam engine, which replaced water power with steam power, in 1769 |
| Steam Engine | After its development, factories began being built away from water sources because it became the new power source for machines |
| Iron ore | iron rich deposits from which iron and steel are made |
| Canals | man-made waterway often used to cheaply transport goods; the rise of canals led to greatly increased trade |
| Railroad boom | the rise and massive growth of railroad networks in the 1800s which vastly increased the ability to transport goods and materials, leading to increased trade and manufacturing |
| Factory system | the bringing together of machines and workers in order to mass produce goods |
| Division of Labor | When individuals were assigned specific tasks using a machine (instead of making an entire product, especially by hand), which led to increased worker productivity and increased output of manufactured goods |
| Productivity | how efficiently and quickly goods can be produced (made) |
| Interchangeable parts | where many identical parts were produced rather than the previous process of creating unique items by hand, it became possible to mass produce and repair many goods |
| Mass production | the production (making) of large amounts of standardized goods, especially on assembly lines, which allowed them to be produced for a cheaper price, making them more accessible to an increasing portion of the population |
| rural-to-urban migration | the movement of people from farms or farming areas to towns and cities |
| unsanitary | conditions so dirty or disgusting as to be unhealthy and to spread disease |
| tangible | something which is real or actual; something which can be touched |
| Class divisions | differences between the upper, middle, and lower classes based on how wealth, income, power, and rights are shared or distributed |
| Laissez-faire capitalism | the economic system in which all factors of production were privately owned and there was no government interference |
| disparity | differences which are often very unequal |
| minimum wage laws | require that workers be paid at least a certain amount of money per hour or day |
| oppressed | to be ruled or controlled in a cruel, unjust, or unfair way |
| Socialism | when government controls the means of production & the distribution of land & property, believing that such a system would provide for the greater of working class people & allow the government to plan the economy to promote equality & end poverty |
| distribute | to give out, divide, or share something |
| Communism | socialist government which rules with absolute, or total, power or authority |
| Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels | authors of The Communist Manifesto, the basis or foundation for communist political theory |
| The Communist Manifesto | book which proposed a radical socialism, stating that society was dividing into warring classes, and that the oppressed proletariat should overthrow the bourgeoisie, establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat |
| Proletariat | under communist doctrine, the “have-nots” or the workers, who were oppressed in their current conditions |
| Bourgeoisie | under communist doctrine, the “haves,” or the owners of businesses and industry |
| “Dictatorship of the proletariat” | under communism, when the proletariat (the working class) would seize power from the bourgeoise (the owners and middle class) and establish collective ownership of property and the means of production |
| Reform laws | laws which sought to improve society and conditions for workers |
| Labor unions | workers’ organizations, negotiated for better working conditions, higher pay, and shorter hours, and they would strike if demands were not met |
| nominal | in name only; very little, especially in comparison to what is expected |
| exploit | to unfairly take advantage of someone or something, often for selfish reasons |
| Imperialism | when a country takes over another country or people to gain access to its (their) natural resources and trade |
Created by:
oburnette
Popular Social Studies sets