Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
7-3.1 Burnette
The French Revolution and Napoleon's Rise to Power
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| French Revolution | from 1789 to 1799, it overthrew France’s absolute monarchy, replacing it with a republic; it was inspired by both Enlightenment ideas and the American Revolution; it served as a model for the formation of future limited governments & constitutions |
| storming of the Bastille | when the French people attacked a hated prison in Paris on July 14, 1789; this marks the start of the French Revolution |
| the Reign of Terror | When Maximilien Robespierre, as head of the Committee of Public Safety, ordered the mass execution by guillotine of 25,000-40,000 suspected counter-revolutionary citizens deemed “enemies of the Revolution” in 1793-1794 |
| Napoleon's rise to power | When Napoleon Bonaparte, a French general, staged a coup d'état and took the title of First Consul in 1799, later crowning himself emperor in 1804 officially ending the French Revolution |
| social imbalance | when society is set up unfairly in terms of wealth, income, power, and rights |
| the Old Regime | the system in France before the Revolution wherein the Bourbon kings ruled with absolute power and the mass of people (the Third Estate) were poor and had few rights |
| the First Estate | was the Roman Catholic Clergy, who owned fifteen percent of the land and were one percent of the population in pre-revolutionary France |
| Roman Catholic Clergy | the priests and other leaders of the Catholic church |
| the Second Estate | the nobility, was two percent of the population and owned up to twenty-five percent of the land in pre-revolutionary France |
| Nobility | a social class who inherited land, wealth, rights, and power from their parents. Examples: Duke, Earl, Baron |
| the Third Estate | included lawyers, craftsmen, merchants, and peasants paid the majority of the taxes on the remainder while being underrepresented in government in pre-revolutionary France |
| King Louis XVI (the sixteeenth) | weak, extravagant King who took on too much debt for France, and was overthrown and executed during the French Revolution |
| crisis | an emergency or dangerous time which often leads to great change |
| alliance | an agreement between two or more countries to support or cooperate with each other, often in case of a war |
| secede | to withdraw from or leave a government or political union |
| National Assembly | the new, national legislature formed by the Third Estate in 1789 as part of the French Revolution |
| Tennis Court Oath | was an oath by delegates of the Third Estate to never disband (break up or dissolve) until they had written a new constitution |
| July 14, 1789 | the date of the storming of the Bastille which marked the beginning of the French Revolution |
| peasants | poor people with low social rank, often workers with very low pay, especially farm workers |
| Bastille Day | July 14th, the day when the beginning of the French Revolution is celebrated in France |
| Estate System | the social order of the First, Second, and Third Estates in France before the French Revolution |
| Constitutional monarchy | when a king or queen agrees to limits on their power, to rule in accordance with the law, and to respect the power and authority of a legislature or Parliament |
| Legislative Assembly | the French legislature established in 1791 and lasting until 1792 during the French Revolution; it replaced the National Assembly |
| radical | extreme, drastic |
| National Convention | the legislature in France from 1792 to 1795 during the French Revolution; it declared France to be a republic, executed King Louis XVI, and was in charge during the Reign of Terror |
| universal male suffrage | when every adult male has the right to vote |
| military draft | when the government forces people to join the military whether they want to or not |
| guillotine | a device with a heavy, weighted blade used to chop off people’s heads |
| Jacobins | radical revolutionary group (which favored or promoted the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution |
| Maximilien Robespierre | leader of the Committee of Public Safety, he ruled as a dictator during the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution |
| Committee of Public Safety | the executive committee which effectively served as the French government during the Reign of Terror; it was in charge of executing between 25,000 and 40,000 suspected enemies of the revolution from 1793-1794 |
| dictator | a person who rules a country with absolute (no limits to) power |
| "enemies of the Revolution" | people suspected of supporting the king or otherwise being against the French Revolution |
| Marie Antoinette | Queen of France executed during the French Revolution |
| the Directory | the more moderate French government which was in power from 1795 to 1799 during the French Revolution |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | French general who seized power during the latter part of the French Revolution, and who tried to conquer Europe during the Wars of Napoleon from 1803-1815 |
| coup d'etat | a sudden and decisive taking of power and changing government, often by force |
| First Consul | the title Napoleon assumed after taking power in 1799 |
| Napoleon's reforms in France | Established a national banking system, reformed taxes, ended corruption, restored the Catholic Church, rewrote the laws and replaced them with the Napoleonic Code. |
| Napoleonic Code | the new set of laws put into place in France by Napoleon in 1804; this system was a huge improvement and later influenced laws in other countries |
| emperor | the male ruler of an empire, which is a group of nations or territories under the rule of one person |
| Battle of Trafalgar | 1805 naval battle; the British fleet defeated a combined French & Spanish fleet off Spain's coast. This battle helped lead to Napoleon’s defeat because it kept France from being able to invade England, thus keeping England in the war against Napoleon |
| 1812 Invasion of Russia | helped lead to Napoleon’s defeat because the Russians, and the effects of the severely cold Russian winter, destroyed all but 20,000 of the 500,000 soldiers in Napoleon’s Grand Army |
| Battle of Leipzig | After his loss at this 1813 battle, Napoleon was forced to return to France, to abdicate (to give up power or authority) his throne in 1814, and was exiled to Elba |
| Exile to Elba | when Napoleon first lost power, he was sent to this island off the coast of Italy in 1814 |
| the "Hundred Days" | the period after Napoleon escaped from Elba, returned to France, formed an army, and fought and lost the Battle of Waterloo |
| Battle of Waterloo | Napoleon’s last battle, fought in 1815; after his loss, he was exiled to St. Helena, where he died, almost alone |
| Exile to St. Helena | a tiny, remote island in the South Atlantic off the coast of Africa to which Napoleon was sent, and where he died, after losing the Battle of Waterloo |
Created by:
oburnette
Popular Social Studies sets