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Humanities Test
Government Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an anarchy? | A condition of lawlessness or political disorder brought by the absence of governmental authority. |
| What are some advantages of an anarchy? | Everybody is free to express their ideas, no taxes, and freedom to do what one wants |
| What are some disadvantages of an anarchy? | Crimes would have no punishment, no science research is conducted, no money is put into improving or fixing roads/cities, and no security. |
| What is a pure democracy? | Democracy is when the power is exercised directly by the people rather than through representatives. All decisions are made by a majority vote. |
| What are some advantages of a pure democracy? | Decisions are exactly what the majority wants, people have the freedom to express their ideas, and less rebellions occur. |
| What are some disadvantages of a pure democracy? | If majority is evil and want something bad, then it will happen. No law is in place, therefore injustice can occur. Large chance for corruption as rich individuals could pay others to vote for them. |
| What is a republic? | A representative democracy where the people's elected representatives, not the people themselves, vote on laws and decisions. A president is typically the title for the top government position. |
| What are some advantages of a republic? | The government and the people are all under the constitution, people's rights are recognized, the president is elected fairly, and the laws have to go through a very long and detailed process to make sure ok. |
| What are some disadvantages of a republic? | The law making is a ong process, making immediate governmental action difficult. Uneleteced officials still maintain a huge amount of influence (e.g. Supreme court justices). Hard to modify constitution if needed. |
| What is a parliamentary? | Government led by representatives of the people. Each represntative is chosen as a member of a political party and remains in power as long as his/her party does. People vote for a party and then the winning party chooses the leader. |
| What are some advantages of a parliamentary? | Easier to pass legislation, unified government, accountability is good, elections are fair, sufficient representation in legislative body, and parliament works together on legislation. |
| What are some disadvantages of a parliamentary? | lacks individual power for people and the prime ministers is elected by parliament not by citizens |
| What is a monarchy? | A government where the supreme power is given to a monarch (king and/or queen) who reigns over a state or territory, usually for life and by family right the monarch may be either an only ruler of a sovereign with constitutionally limited authority. |
| What are some advantanges of a monarchy? | There is only one person that decides (decisions are made quick/few arguments). Less corruption, because rulers know that their leadership is not for a term, no intetions to misues their authority for corruption. |
| What are some disadvantages of a monarchy? | People cannot removie him/her from leadership even if not functioning well. Also, A person who is aware that he/she will rule the coutnry for a life time doesn't take the responsibility to work for the betterment of the people/ |
| What is an oligarchy? | A government where control is exercised by a small group of individuals whose authority generally is based on wealth or power. |
| What are some advantages of an oligarchy? | The people have control over their own lives, the people deal with issues and vote on them, and it provides people with slef-empowerment. |
| What are some disadvantages of an oligarchy? | It can be hard to come to an agreement and decisions are made in a small group so everyone might not get what they want. |
| What is a communist? | A system of government where the government controls the economy and a single, authoritatian party holds the power; the goal is to remove private propery and redistribute everyone's possessions evenly throughout the country to create a classless socety. |
| What are some advantages of a communist? | Rapid development and economic growth, equal distribution of wealth, every citizen has a job, the economy is stable, strong social communities are established, efficient distribution of resources, and profit/money jealousy doesn't exist. |
| What are some disadvantages of a communist? | personal freedom is lost, workers are treated as machines, central planning is difficult to achieve, productivity and efficienty are difficult to achieve without proift motive for workers, and it si difficult to achieve balances between supply and demand. |
| What is a theocracy? | A form of government where a Deity is recognized as the supreme ruler, the Deity's laws are interpreted by human authorities. |
| What are some advantages of a theocracy? | There isn't a seperation between the church and state, no debate on religion, government generally listens to people, all laws are based on religios texts, and citizens are easier to control. |
| What are some disadvantages of a theocracy? | To keep peace everyone has to act the same, which usually does not happen, people with other religions are considered outcasts, adn citizens are forced to have the same religion as government. |
| What is a dictatorship? | Rule by a leader who often is not elected and uses fear, political parties, and rewards to keep absolute control of the country to achieve his/hear goals. Usually, ther is little or no attention to public opinion or individual rights. |
| What are some advantages of a dictatorship? | It establishes a strong government (no opposition, no criticism), and it provides efficient administratation (no argument in decisions/decisions can be made quick/ |
| What are some disadvantages of a dictatorship? | It is based on force and violence (demands obedience), kills initiative among the people, and it encourages and spreads war, e.g. Germany and World War II |
| What is a tolitarian? | A government that seeks to control not only all political and economic matter, but all the attitudes, values and beliefs of its people - an extreme version of Dictatorship. |
| What are some advantages of a totalitarian? | Decisions are fast/no argument, and economic development can be accomplished fast |
| What are some disadvanatages of a totalitarian? | No freedom to express ideas and no freedom of choice. |
| Why do we have governments? | To unite peple together, to accomplish goals as a society, establish justice, provide the rights of those who can't, and provides services (education, roads, unemplyoment money, environmental prtotection, research developments in science.) |
| What is government? | A system in place that directs a country, province, or group of peace. |
| How is the government picked in a revolutionary? | The existing structure is overthrown by a completely new group. |
| How is the government picked in an authoritarian or Totalitarian. | A small group or even one aggresive leader chooses. |
| How is the government picked in an oligarchy? | By an elite group and only certian members of society have a valid voice/vote. |
| How is the government picked in a democracy? | Elected by the people. |
| How does the government run in an authoritatianism/dictatorship? | It is ruled by a leader who often is not elected and uses fear, political parties, and rewards to keep control and achieve his/her controls. |
| How does the government run in a totalitarian (extreme version of authoritarianism)? | It is ruled by a single leader/political party who views themsleves as above the people. |
| How does the government run in a theocracy? | They rule on behalf of a set of religious ideas. |
| How does the government run in a monarchy? | King or queen, who sometimes has absolute power. |
| How does the government run in a parliamentary? | representatives of the people, people vote for a party, they have a prime minister. |
| How does the government run in a republic? | It is led by representatives of the voters, they have a president |
| How does the government run in an anarchy? | no government, and will typically evolve into another form of government. |
| How does capitalism work? | free-market economy, people own their own businesses and property. |
| How does socialism work? | Government owns many large industries, but people own a few small industries. |
| How does communist economy work? | government owns all businesses. |
| What is the legislative branch? | The highest constitutional/legislative body in Indonesia, meets every 5 years in the year following elections to the President. Their task to approve laws, before they are made and the Broad Outlines of State Policy that sets policy guidelines. |
| How many seats does the Legislative Branch have? | It has 692 seats/members: 590=Representatives from the DPR >> by population >> benefits large province, 132=Representatives from the DPD >> by province >> benefits small provinces |
| What are the two parts of the legislative branch? | House of People's Representatives/Lower House (DPR), and Regional Representative Council/Upper House (DPD) |
| What are some advantages of socialism? | distribution of industries are equal between government and people, making the economy efficient. Also, greater welfare, since there is barely any inequality of income of people. Also, industry owners can't have monopolies, so they can't become wealthier. |
| What are some disadvantages of socialism? | Lack of economic freedom, and consumers suffer, because they have no choice. |
| What are some advantages of capitalism? | Economic freedom, efficiency, and economic growth |
| What are some disadvantages of capitalism? | Monopoly power, monopsony power, social benefits are ignored, and wealth inequality, |
| What are some disadvantages of communist economy? | The government has too much control over personal lives and it encourages laziness, because the government gives you all that you need. |
| What are some advantages of communist economy? | All government services are free, such as food, clothes, and others. |
| What 3 things/people are in the executive branch? | The president, vice president, and cabinet. |
| What 3 courts are in the judicial branch? | the Supreme Court (MA), constitutional court (MK), and the Judicial commission (KY) |
| What is the main function of the DPR? | Making and passing laws, and creating a budget plan with the president. |
| How many committes are in one the DPR? | 11 |
| Which branch is considered the most corrupt area of Indonesia's government? | DPR or House of People's Representatives |
| What is another name for the DPD? | the senate |
| What is the main purpose of the DPD? | gives purposals to the DPR that could later become law if approved |
| How many terms can a president be in office for? How long is one term? | 2 terms; 5 years |
| What are the regulations of becoming an Indonesian president? | Must be a native-born Indonesian citizen. |
| What are some things that the President does? | He/she is the serves as the commander-in-chief/head of armies, is head of the United Indonesia Cabinet, and is responsible to help execute the laws in the people. |
| How is the vice president elected/chosen? | The vice president is often selected by the president and tehn elected by the MPR. |
| What does the vice president do? | Assists president with duties and takes presidential position in the case of death, removal, or inability of the president to continue serving. |
| What is in the Cabinet? | The coordinating ministers, which includes the legal, political, and secure affairs, the economy, the people's welfare, the state secretary, the departmental ministers, and the state ministers. |
| What is the supreme court? | It is the highest court, and he judges are appointed by the pressident,. |
| What does the constitutional court do? | Rules on a specific constitution issues and political matter. |
| What does the Judicial commission do? | They oversse the judges |
| How many provincial governments are there? | 33 |
| In 1945, what sources of law had to be reconciled? | The Adat law (assists in interpersonal disputes in villages), the Sharia Law (specific laws pertaining to Islam and Muslims), and the Dutch Colonial Law (laws that came from the Dutch) |
| What courts are in the Supreme court? | The Religious court, Tax courts, Military courts, District Courts, and Appellate courts. |
| What does the religious court do? | Decisions based on Islamic law. They deal with marriage, divorces, inheritance, and gifts. Decisions must be approved by other non-religious courts. Can be tricky when Sharia Law does not align well with national law. |
| What does the tax court do? | Deals primarily with taxation issues |
| What does the military court do? | Deals primarily with disputes in the military |
| What is the district court? | The court system you go to first when you have a dispute. Corruption often happens here. |
| What is another name for the Appellate Courts? | Also called court of appeals |
| What does the Appellate court do? | deals with people who disagree with district court decisions. |
Created by:
kaylee72sommers
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