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Civil Rights
Civil Rights Movement
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Jim Crow laws | policy in the South that kept blacks from being equal through various laws |
Plessy v. Ferguson | ruled that facilities like schools can be "separate but equal" |
Truman's Executive Order 9981 during the Korean War | presidential action that desegregated the military, now blacks and whites could serve together |
WWII | time period that gave blacks access to jobs and served as an irony as the US was fighting a war against racism but were racist |
Brown v. Board of Education | ruled the "separate but equal" was unconstitutional and created an inferior class of people |
Emmitt Till | young black man whose killing in Mississippi showed the nation the brutality of racism in the South |
Rosa Parks | lady who refused to move from her bus seat, sparking a bus boycott that ended segregated busing |
Little Rock Nine | 9 black students who attended the white school in Arkansas |
President Eisenhower | president who sent in federal troops to help the Little Rock 9 attend school |
Greensboro sit-in | effort to desegregate lunch counters by sitting and being non-violent |
Bull Connor | racist Birmingham police chief who brought out water hoses + police dogs on people marching |
Governor Wallace | he was famous for saying "segregation today, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever" |
"I have a Dream..." | MLK's famous speech of hoping to end segregation in America |
Civil Rights Act 1964 | federal law that ended segregation in public places (hotels, restaurants, theaters, etc.) |
Voting Rights Act 1965 | federal law that ended voting restrictions |
Poll tax | having to pay money to vote, banned by the 24th Amendment |
de facto segregation | segregation by the mere FACT of practice or custom: where people choose to live, who they choose to go to church with |
de jure segregation | segregation by law, like Jim Crow laws |
Malcolm X | radical black leader who promoted a more violent approach before he had a revelation that he should seek peace. He is killed by rival members of the Nation of Islam |
Black Panthers | black group that promoted using violence if needed to demand rights |
Affirmative action | program that gave some advantages to minorities when it came to be hired. Very controversial. |