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Chapter 6-Edison
The Revolutionary War
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Battle of Lexington and Concord | Signaled the start of the Revolutionary War with, "The Shot Heard 'Round the World." The first shot was fired at Lexington. |
| Patriots | Americans who fought for independence. |
| Unalienable Rights | Rights that a person is born with and they cannot be taken away. |
| Battle of Bunker Hill | The British won this battle because they were stronger and better trained. Although they lost, the Americans showed they could fight and stand up to the professionally trained British soldiers. |
| Battle of Trenton and Princeton | The Americans won this battle because Washington led his troops to surprise attack the Hessians on Christmas night. The army received much need supplies after this attack. |
| Battle of Saratoga | The Americans won this battle because Horatio Gates' surrounded John Burgoyne's army firing at them day and night until they surrendered. This was the turning point of the war because France and Spain became the American allies. |
| Cavalry | Units of troops on horseback. |
| Alliance | A formal agreement between two powers to work together toward a common goal. |
| Valley Forge | The winter camp in Pennsylvania where Washington's troops suffered terribly waiting for supplies and help. |
| Civilians | People who are not in the military. |
| Enlisted | When someone signs up for a duty in the military. |
| Continentals | Paper money that Congress printed to pay and supply troops. |
| Privateers | Privately owned ships that a wartime government gives permission to attack an enemy's merchant ship. |
| Guerillas | Fighters who work in small bands to make hit-and-run attacks. |
| Battle of Yorktown | The Americans won this battle because British Commander, Lord Charles Cornwallis got trapped by General Washington on the Yorktown peninsula and was forced to surrender. This was the last major battle of the Revolutionary War. |
| Treaty of Paris of 1783 | This treaty ended the Revolutionary War. |
| Traitor | A person who betrays his or her country or cause and helps the other side. |
| King George III | The King of England at the time of the Revolutionary War. |
| Lobsterbacks | A nickname for British soldiers. |
| George Washington | Commander of the Continental Army. Doctors who bled out half the blood in his body most-likely contributed to his death. |
| Thomas Paine | He is the political author responsible for writing, The Crisis and Common Sense. George Washington had The Crisis read to his men before crossing the Delaware River in hopes of inspiring them. |
| Thomas Jefferson | He wrote the Declaration of Independence. |
| Richard Henry Lee | He introduced the Virginia Resolution to Congress, stating the colonies should separate from Britain. |
| John Locke | Part of the Declaration of Independence was based on his ideas of Natural Rights. |
| Nathan Hale | He was an American spy who was caught by the British and put to death. |
| Hessian Mercenaries | Professional soldiers from a German state hired to fight for Britain. |
| Horatio Gates | He was an American General who forced the British to surrender at Saratoga. |
| John Burgoyne | He was a British General who planned to cut off New England but was forced to surrender at Saratoga. |
| Marquis de Lafayette | He was a nineteen-year-old French nobleman who volunteered to serve in the Continental Army. |
| Friedrich Von Steuben | He trained the Continental Army, teaching them how to march, improve their aim and attack with bayonets. |
| Casmir Pulaski | He led and trained cavalry. |
| Thaddeaus Kosciusko | He was an engineer from Poland who built fortifications at West Point. |
| Mary Ludwig Hays | When her husband became injured, she dropped her water bucket and took up his position at the cannon. Her nickname was Molly Pitcher. |
| Deborah Sampson | She joined the Continental Army disguised as a man and tended to her own wounds to keep her secret. |
| George Rogers Clark | He was a frontiersman who led a force against the British and captured Kaskaskia and Cahokia, securing the frontier (west) for America. |
| Bernardo De Galvez | He was the Louisiana governor who secretly supplied troops and gave ships safe refuge in the New Orleans Harbor. |
| John Paul Jones | He was the American Naval officer and captain of the Bonhomme Richard and is credited with saying, "I have not yet begun to fight!" He won the sea battle against the British war ship, Serapis. |
| Francis Marion | He used guerilla attacks and led his men silently through the swamps in the South attacking the British without warning. He was known as the Swamp Fox. |
| Lord Charles Cornwallis | He was the British general who surrendered to General Washington at the last major battle of the war (Yorktown). |
| Benedict Arnold | He was the famous Revolutionary War figure whose name means, "traitor" today. |
| Sybil Ludington | She is known as the "Female Paul Revere." |
| Benjamin Franklin | He was the American who traveled to Europe to seek support for the Patriot cause. |
| What did the Declaration of Independence proclaim? | The Declaration of Independence proclaimed that the U.S. ought to be free and independent states. |
| What unalienable rights does the Declaration of Independence say that all men have? | Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness. |
| When was the Declaration of Independence approved? | July 4th, 1776 |
| When was the Declaration of Independence signed? | August 2nd, 1776 |
| What were the boundaries of the Treaty of Paris of 1783? | Atlantic Ocean at the east, Canada at the north, Mississippi River at the west and Florida at the south. |
| What were the provisions of the Treaty of Paris of 1783? | The United States was recognized as an independent country by Britain. The American Loyalists were supposed to be repaid for any loss of property taken from them during the war. Florida itself was returned to Spain. |
| Which two European nations gave vital aid to the colonies? | France and Spain |
| What killed the most people during the Revolutionary War? | Disease |
| What were the four main reasons why the Americans won the war? | Geography Help from abroad Skilled leadership Patriotic spirit |
| What idea developed about how people should be governed in the United States as a result of the Revolutionary War? | The idea that instead of a king, the people should rule. |
Created by:
kedison
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