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First Virginians
Native Americans
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did Christopher Columbus call the first people he found in the New World Indians? | He thought that he had landed in the Indies which is near China. |
| What are artifacts? | These are objects such as arrowheads, pottery and other tools that tell us about people of the past. |
| What are the three American Indian language groups located in Virginia? | Algonquian, Siouan, and Iroquoian |
| Describe the Algonquian language group. | Located in the coastal plain, the Powhatans were part of this group. |
| Describe the Siouan language group. | Located in the Piedmont, the Monacans were part of this group. |
| Describe the Iroquoian language group. | Located in the southwestern part of Virginia and North Carolina. Cherokee were part of this group. |
| Describe the climate of Virginia. | Mild with four seasons and covered with forests. |
| How did the native peoples relate to their environment? | Animal skins were used for clothing and shelter was made from materials found around them. |
| How did the native peoples adapt to the seasons? | Winter - hunted, fished & lived on stored foods from previous fall. Spring - fished, hunted and picked berries. Summer - grew crops (beans, corn and squash). Fall - harvested crops & hunted for food to preserve for the winter. |
| Virginia's Indians are known by what name? | Eastern Woodland Indians |
| What was Werowocomoco? | A large Indian town used by the Indian leaders before the English settlers arrived. Headquarters for the Powhatan in 1607 |
| What do archaeologists do? | Study all kinds of material evidence left from peoples of the past. |
| What is Jamestown? | Jamestown became the first permanent English settlement in North America. |
| How have artifacts helped archaeologists understand life in Jamestown? | Archaeologists have discovered the site of the original fort. The recovered artifacts give archaeologists clues about the interactions of the English, Afrficans, and Indians in early Virginia. |
| How do native peoples live today in comparison to native peoples of the past? | In the past, native peoples farmed, fished and hunted. They made their homes using natural resources. They used animal skins for clothing in the winter. Today, most native peoples live like other Americans. Their cultures have changed over time. |
| Why was the Chesapeake Bay important to the early settlers? | It provided a safe harbor. It was a source of food and transportation for the settlers. |
| Why was the James River important to the settlers? | It flows into the Chesapeake Bay. Richmond and Jamestown are located on this body of water. |
| Name the four important rivers of Virginia. | Potomac, Rappahannock, York and James. |
| Name cities located on the four important rivers. | Potomac River - Alexandria. Rappahannock River - Fredericksburg. York River - Yorktown. James River - Richmond and Jamestown. |
| What is the Eastern Shore? | This is the peninsula that is bordered by the Chesapeake Bay on the west and the Atlantic Ocean on the east. It is part of the Coastal Plain region |
| What are the names of the current state-recognized tribes in the Coastal Plain region? | Chickahominy Tribe. Eastern Chickahominy Tribe. Mattaponi Tribe. Nanesmond Tribe. Pamunkey Tribe. Rappahannock Tribe. Upper Mattaponi Tribe. |
| What is the name of the current state-recognized tribe in the Piedmont region | Monacan Tribe. |
| Where do present-day native peoples of Virginia live? | American Indians, who trace their family history back to before 1607, continue to live in all parts of Virginia today. |