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Chapter 7 Sociology
Social Deviance and Control
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Deviance | behavior that departs from societal or group norms |
| Negative deviance | behavior that fails to meet accepted norms |
| Positive deviance | behavior that over conforms to social expectations |
| Deviant | a person who breaks significant societal or group norms |
| Social Control | ways to encourage conformity to society’s norms |
| Anomie | a social condition in which norms are weak, conflicting, or absent |
| Strain theory | theory that deviance is more likely to occur when a gap exists between cultural goals and the ability to achieve these goals by legitimate means |
| Control theory | theory that compliance with social norms requires strong bonds between individuals and society |
| Victim discounting | process of reducing the seriousness of the crimes that injure people of lower status |
| white-collar crime | job-related crimes committed by high-status people |
| Crime | acts committed in violation of the law |
| Criminal justice system | system comprising institutions and processes responsible for enforcing criminal statutes |
| Deterrence | discouraging criminal acts by threatening punishment; effective when potential lawbreakers know they are likely to be caught and the punishment will be severe |
| Retribution | punishment intended to make criminals pay compensation for their acts. |
| Incarceration | a method of protecting society from criminals by keeping them in prisons. |
| Rehabilitation | process of changing or reforming a criminal through socialization |
| Recidivism | a repetition of or return to criminal behavior |
Created by:
rwilliams0054
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