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Hellenisum and Early
Christianity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are two approaches to pagan culture, philosophy and learning? | 1. Opposition 2. Conciliation (to make peace: St. Paul had both of these) |
| Who did St. Paul to write? | Corinthians |
| What did St. Paul write to them? | The wisdom of this world is foolishness to God and had warned the Colossians against being deceived by an empty, seductive philosophy that follows only humans traditions and encouraged by faith |
| Who did he argue with and where? | Epicurean and Stotic philosophers in Athens, the intellectual and cultural center of pagan Greek World on its venerable Areopagus (hill) in a rather philosophical way |
| Explain about his skills | He used largely Stoic arguments, quoting a verse from the Greek pagan poet Aratus. While he was skilled in the rabbinic learning from Scriptures, he was also a second generation Roman citizen who had received a good education of classical Greco-Roman sort |
| Part 2 of the skills | and could utilize its rhetorical and philosophical styles |
| Who was Tertullian? (c.160-c.225) | First great theologian in Latin from Carthage in North Africa. Educated, knew Greek and Latin. An extremist, opposed religions such asp paganism and Greek philosophy. |
| Who was Justin Martyr | A philosopher and matry (someone who died for faith) an apologist who defended Christanity. Born in Samaria in Palestine. He calls Jesus, the true logos, word that has a significant meaning and wisdom (Sophia) for God. Logos illumines all men. |
| Who was Clement of Alexandria? | Born in Athens, convert. Head of catechetical school at Alexandria. Philosophy a preparation for Christian theology. Christianity the true "gnosis" (knowledge) |
| Who was Origen? | A critical Scripture scholar and wrote first systematic work of theology "Peri Archon" (On first Principles). Born of a devout Christian family and father died a martyr. Educated and the Controversial Head of Catechetical school of Alexandria |
| What is the first element in the Growth of Christianity? | 1. An urban phenomenon with the countryside and rural areas(which tend to be more conservative and less open) only coming towards the end |
| What is the second element? | Attracts people who have achieved some material success, (not poor and marginal), more dynamic and open people, but left unsatisfied and so willing to make sacrifices to receive spiritual compensations |
| What is the third element? | Conversion follows social networks such as friends and family |
| What is the fourth element? | Christians have lower death rate and greater population increase since A. they do not practice infanticide, abortion and contraception (all very common in ancient world) B. take care of each other much more than pagans do and so survive the many plagues |
| What is the fifth element? | More women than men (since they do not practice infanticide and women are more valued than in ancient world as whole) which leads to them marrying pagan men who are led into faith and families are raised in the faith |
| What is the sixth element? | People are opened to conversion by the good works done by Christians which are so uncommon in the ancient limitations |
| What is the seventh element? | Has the moral seriousness and intellectual content of Judaism without dietary and ritual limitations |
| What is the eight element? | Has the moral seriousness and intellectual content of pagan philosophy (which was seen as a way of life) but with the spiritual power |
| What is the first point of Worldview of Christianity? | Eschatological worldview=live in the awareness that this is the Last Age (eschaton, live with the horizon of the Second Coming (return of Christ). eternity, and the restored universe |
| What is the second point? | Live intensely in the scriptural virtues, especially the theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity. Live the Sermon of the Mount (Love of God and neighbor) and under the guidance of the Spirit |
| What is the third point? | Asceticism- frequent fasting and acts of self-denial; celibacy common (for the sake of the kingdom which has begun here) |
| What is the fourth point? | Ceaseless prayer: set pattern of daily prayer and worship for all Christians |
| What is the fifth point? | The works of mercy (corporal and spiritual) and hospitality |
| Who is John Cassian? | A Latin monk in Palestine, years off to Desert Fathers, went to monastery in Marcey (France, wrote summary of monastic tradition in "Conferences" and "Institutes" |
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