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7-1.2& 7-1.3 gr.org.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| navigate | a set of coordinates in an area to get from one place to another |
| compass | a magnetic tool that always points north to plot out coordinates |
| astrolabe | an instrument formerly used to make astronomical measurements, typically of the altitudes of celestial bodies, and in navigation for calculating latitude, before the development of the sextant. |
| latitude | the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, or of a celestial object north or south of the celestial equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes. |
| cartographer | a person who creates maps, whether they're of the world, the local bus routes, or buried pirate treasure. |
| rudder | an item on a ship to steer the ship |
| caravel | a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th–17th centuries. |
| gunpowder | an invention by the chinese |
| colony | a group of people of one nationality or ethnic group living in a foreign city or country. |
| armada | a fleet of ships |
| trading post empire | routes took place in the 16th and 17th century by European powers like the Dutch and English. |
| plantation colony | a usually large farm or estate, especially in a tropical or semitropical country, on which cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, or the like is cultivated, usually by resident laborers. |
| cash crop | a crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower. |
| settler colony | whereas natural and human resources are the main motivation behind other forms of colonialism. |
| viceroy | a ruler exercising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereign. |
| encomienda system | used by the Spanish crown during the Spanish colonization of the Americas to regulate Native Americans and to reward individual Spaniards for services to the crown. |
| tenant farmer | a person who farms rented land. |
| coureurs de bois | a woodsman or trader of French origin. |
| charter | a written grant by a country's legislative or sovereign power, by which an institution such as a company, college, or city is created and its rights and privileges defined. |
| representative assembly | a political institution in which a number of persons representing the population or privileged orders within the population of a state come together to debate, negotiate with the executive and legislate. |
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