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Civil War
Civil War and Reconstruction Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Civil War and Reconstruction: Unit 1 Test Review | |
| Secession-formal withdrawal of a state from the union | Popular Sovereignty-when states in the Union decide whether to be slave states or free states |
| Carpetbagger-Northerners who moved to the South after the war | Scalawags-white Southerners who joined the Republican Party |
| Sharecropping-system in which landowners divided their land and assigned each head of households a few acres along with the seed and tools | |
| Missouri Compromise Conditions: | |
| 1. Maine admitted as free state | 2. Missouri admitted as slave state |
| 3. No slavery allowed north of southern border of Missouri | |
| Compromise of 1850 Provisions: | |
| 1. California admitted as a free state | 2. New strict and harsh fugitive slave law |
| 3. Popular sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah territories | |
| Economic structure of the North: | Stronger economy, industrial workers and manufactured goods |
| Economic structure of the South: | Main product was cotton, slaves were used to help produce it - South was dependent on North for many goods |
| Kansas Nebraska Act Provisions: | Repealed the Missouri Compromise line and popular sovereignty in Kansas & Nebraska |
| Election of 1860 as tipping point of Civil War: | Lincoln wins election without majority of popular vote, wasn’t on most Southern ballots, and he didn’t win any of the slave states |
| Border States - slave states that remained in the Union: | Missouri, Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky |
| Lincoln’s primary goal during the Civil War: | To restore the Union |
| Anaconda Plan | The Union’s plan to stop the rebellion |
| South advantages during the Civil War: | 1. King Cotton 2. First rate Generals 3. Highly motivated troops |
| Emancipation Proclamation: | All slaves in those states currently in rebellion against the US were free |
| Gettysburg as a turning point of the Civil War: | Defeats at Gettysburg and Vicksburg cost the South much of its limited manpower and they were no longer able to attack. |
| Goals of the Ku Klux Klan: | Destroy the Republican Party |
| Throw out the Reconstruction Governments | Aid the planter class |
| Prevent African Americans from exercising their political rights | Used violence to accomplish this (murdered over 20,000) |
| Events leading to Fading Reconstruction Support: | Breakdown of Republican union |
| Series of back failures (Panic of 1873) triggered a 5 year depression (diverted attention to the North) | Supreme Court began to undo social and political changes the Republicans had made |
| Events helping Democrats “Redeem” the South: | Congress passed the Amnesty Act (1872) which returned the right to vote and hold political office to 150,000 former Confederates Congress allowed the Freedman’s Bureau to expire (1872) |
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