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Ancient Rome

Global Studies 9

TermDefinition
Republic A form of government where the power rests with the citizens who have the right to vote to elect their own representatives
Patricians Wealthy, land-owning Senate members
Consul Two were elected each year by the Senate to rule Rome.
Dictators One who has complete power in time of emergency.
Plebeians The poor, common people
Laws of the 12 Tables These laws stated that all citizens were equal under the law, innocence until proven guilty, right to face accusers and defend yourself, guilt must be clearly established, and all decisions are based on fairness.
Tribunes Officials elected by the Plebeians
Senate Roman legislature that was made up of Senators who served for life
Veto The power to stop or block a law from passing...Tribunes had this
Mercenaries People who fought without being payed
The Punic Wars Series of wars between Carthage and Rome
Hannibal Great Carthaginian soldier and leader during The Punic Wars
Imperialism Establishing control over foreign lands and or people
Provinces Different territories within a nation or empire
Mare Nostrum “Our Sea.” The Romans believed the Mediterranean Sea belonged solely to them
Latifundia Roman estates where slaves worked.
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus Brothers who were the first to attempt reform...eventually became tribunes and were later killed
Julius Caesar Became ruler of Rome after assassinating Cicero, and Pompey stepped down, Plebeians loved him, made many reforms that helped the plebeians, had many enemies in the senate and the Republic, Assassinated by the senate
Pompey Famous general and part of First Triumverate (Crassus and Caesar) to rule Rome
"veni vidi vici" After conquering Gaul (modern-day France), Caesar returned to Rome and said this Latin phrase. It means “I came, I saw, I conquered.”
Mark Antony One of Caesar's chief generals, defeated by Octavian while hunting down murderers and killed himself.
Octavian/Augustus a relative of Caesar’s who gained power after Caesar’s assassination.
Princeps Means "first citizen"...name given to Octavian by people
Caligula Insane emperor who demanded people call him a God...killed by his own guards
Nero Bad Roman Emperor...sat by idly as Rome burned for 9 days destroying half the city.
Hadrian Good Roman leader...built new buildings, lowered taxes, passed laws benefitting women, children, and slaves
Marcus Aurelius The last Pax Romana king. He was one of the “good” emperors.
Pax Romana Roman Peace. Period of about 200 years of Roman flourishment from 27 B.C. to 180 A.D.
Engineering The art of construction and building. The Romans engineered roads, bridges, and harbors.
Aqueducts Architectural structures that carried fresh water into Rome
Civil Law The area of law in a common law system in one country
The Law of Nations The area of law between nations, internationally
Emperor Diocletian Roman leader who divided the empire into east and west
Emperor Constantine Good Roman leader...granted toleration to Christians and built new capital...Constantinople
Constantinople New capital of the Roman Empire making the eastern portion the center of power.
The Sack of Rome Outside invaders continually attack and finally cause the Fall of Rome in 476 AD
Created by: gmottola
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