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AC - Unit I
AC - Imperialism and WWI
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Imperialism | Policy of a stronger nation attempting to create an empire by dominating weaker countries - economically, politically, culturally or militarily (race for land to build empires because having more land equals more power) |
| Yellow Journalism | Type of journalism that presents little to no well-researched news and instead uses eye-catching headlines (wild exaggerations) to sell more newspapers |
| Great White Fleet | A force of U.S. navy ships that undertook a world cruise in 1907 to demonstrate the U.S.'s impressive naval power to other nations |
| Jingoism | A country’s use of threats or force against other countries to protect their interests |
| White Man's Burden | The belief that Western nations must “civilize” and “help” natives from Africa, Asia, and South America because they have no culture or civilization |
| U.S.S. Maine | U.S. ship that blew up in Cuba's Havana Harbor, which helped push the U.S. towards war with Spain |
| Sphere of Influence | An area within a country that a foreign country has exclusive economic and political control; many of the European nations had established “spheres of influence” in China during the late 1800’s. |
| Monroe Doctrine | A doctrine stating that further efforts by European countries to colonize land in or interfere with the Americas would be viewed by the U.S. as acts of aggression, requiring U.S. intervention; European nations were to stay out of the Western Hemisphere |
| Manifest Destiny | Belief that it was the right of the U.S. to expand its borders and influence across all of North America (from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean) |
| Roosevelt Corollary | President Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine in which he asserted the right of the U.S. to intervene in the affairs of Latin American countries |
| Platt Amendment | Addition made to the Cuban constitution that prohibited Cuban Government from entering foreign affairs, gave the U.S. the right to intervene when necessary, and allowed the U.S. to establish naval bases in Cuba to protect its own business interests |
| Open Door Policy | A foreign affairs policy set by Secretary of State John Hay in 1899 that favored open trade relations between China and other countries |
| Nationalism | Extreme pride, loyalty, and devotion to one's country |
| Dollar Diplomacy | A foreign policy created by U.S. President William Taft aimed at encouraging the investment of U.S. capital in foreign economies ("Substitute dollars for bullets") |
| Annex | To attach or join a new territory to an existing country |
| Big Stick Diplomacy | President Roosevelt's aggressive foreign policy of negotiating peacefully with other nations while also keeping other nations aware of U.S.'s military power (use threat of military force to get what U.S. desires) |
| Moral Diplomacy | A foreign policy system created by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson in which support is given only to countries whose moral beliefs are similar to that of the U.S. |
| Expansionism | The policy of expanding a nation's territory or its sphere of influence, often at the expense of other nations |
| Isolationism | Policy of avoiding territorial and economic expansion (position of neutrality) |
| Diplomacy | Handling interactions between countries without causing aggression or war |
| Alliance | Coming to the aid of countries who are in agreement with the intended outcome |
| Autocrat | A ruler who has absolute power; such as Czar Nicholas II of Russia and Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany during WW I |
| Propaganda | Information that is intended to sway public opinion |
| Bond | Certificates sold by the government as a way to raise money to support the war effort |
| Rationing | Distribution of goods in fixed amounts |
| Sedition Act | A law passed on May 16, 1918, restricting people's freedom of speech during time of war by making it illegal for a person to willfully utter, print, write, or publish anything negative about the government that would incite or provoke war resistance. |
| Armistice | A cease-fire (stop fighting) |
| Reparation | The making of amends for a wrong one has done by paying money to or otherwise helping those who have been wronged |
| Militarism | Countries aggressively building up their militaries by increasing its size and improving its warfare tactics and technology |
| Assassination | Act of killing someone. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophia, by Bosnian rebels ignited the start of WWI |
| Allied Powers | Countries (Russia, Great Britain, France, Italy, and US) who supported each other in WWI in their fight against Germany and its allies |
| Central Powers | Countries (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire) who supported each other in WWI in their fight against the Allied Powers |
| Lusitania | A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German torpedo on May 7, 1915, killing over 120 Americans. This is one of the causes for US entry into WWI |
| Zimmerman Telegram | A telegram sent to Mexico from Germany urging them to declare war on the U.S. and promising Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona when they won. It was intercepted by the British and handed over to the US in February 1917 |
| Wilson's 14 Points | A declaration proposed by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson during WWI for the purpose of ending conflict and suffering and ensuring future world peace for all nations. |
| League of Nations | An organization proposed by President Wilson on January 10, 1920, as a means to bind all nations together in a mutual alliance and end wars forever by maintaining world peace, international cooperation, and a forum for resolving international disputes. |
| Shellshock | Psychological trauma as a result of a soldier's war experiences (now referred to as PTSD) |
| Stalemate | A point in an event when neither side makes progress |
| Treaty of Versailles | A document signed in June 1919 at the Palace of Versailles in Paris at the end of WWI outlining the peace terms between the Allies and Germany |
Created by:
tmgilbert
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