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U.S. History
Topic 4 "Gilded Age"
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Entrepreneur | A person who invests money in a product or a business with a goal of making a profit |
| Protective Tariff | Tax on imported goods making the price high enough to protect domestic good from foreign competition |
| Laissez Faire | Lenient as in the absence of government control over private business |
| Patent | official rights given by the government to an inventor for the exclusive right to develop, use, and sell, an invention for a set period of time |
| Thomas Edison | Established the first research laboratory in America and perfected the incandescent lightbulb |
| Bessemer Process | Method developed for making steel more efficiently |
| Time Zone | 24 longitudinal areas of the world within which the same time is used |
| Mass Production | Production of goods in large numbers through the use of machinery and assembly lines |
| Monopoly | Exclusive control by one company over an entire industry |
| John D. Rockefeller | American industrial tycoon and co-founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry as the first great U.S. business trust. |
| Horizontal Integration | System of buying out your competition. |
| Trust | Group of separate companies that are placed under the control of a single managing board in order to form a monopoly |
| Andrew Carnegie | Led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century |
| Vertical Integration | System of buying involved in all steps of a product's manufacturing |
| ICC | First federal agency monitoring business operations created in 1877 to oversee interstate railroad procedures |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | 1890 law banning any trust that restrained interstate trade or commerce |
| Sweatshop | Small factory where employees have to work long hours under poor conditions for little pay |
| Company Town | A community that is dependent on one firm for all or most of the necessary services or functions of town life |
| Samuel Gompers | Founded the American Federation of Labor |
| Haymarket Riot | 1886 labor related protest in Chicago which ended in deadly violence |
| Pullman Strike | Violent 1894 railway workers strike which began outside of Chicago and spread nationwide |
| Interstate Commerce Commission | Established to provide regulation to the growing railroad industry in the United States. |
| Assembly Line | System used in the process of mass production that allowed workers to specialize in specific parts of a products overall production. |
| Ellis Island | Island in New York Harbor that served as an immigration station for millions of immigrants |
| Angel Island | Immigrant processing center that opened in San Francisco Bay in 1910 |
| Americanization | Belief that assimilating immigrants into American society would make them more loyal citizens |
| "melting pot" | Society in which people of different nationalities assimilate to form one culture |
| Nativism | Belief that native born citizens were superior to newcomers |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | 1882 law that prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers |
| Urbanization | Expansion of cities geographically as well as in population |
| Suburb | Residential areas surrounding a city |
| Tenements | Multistory housing developments designed to accommodate as many residents as possible |
| Mark Twain | |
| Conspicuous Consumerism | Purchasing of goods and services for the purpose of impressing others |
| Mass Culture | Similar cultural patterns in a society as a result of improved transportation, communication, and advertising |
| Joseph Pulitzer | |
| William Randolph Hearst | |
| Booker T Washington | |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | |
| Spoils System | Practice where a political party gives jobs and opportunities to its supporters rather than to people based on their qualifications |
| Oliver H Kelley | |
| Grange | Organization formed after the Civil War to help fight for farmers rights |
| William Jennings Bryan |
Created by:
Mr. Peirce
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