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Unit 2 US History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Monroe Doctrine | States that European countries were no longer allowed to colonize the Americas but could keep their current colonies. This protected US security and interests in Latin America through the early 20th century |
| Manifest Destiny | European Americans had the God-given right to settle all of North America from the Atlantic to the Pacific because they were more favored by God |
| Ethnocentrism | belief your culture is superior to all others, justifying slavery and the poor treatment of Native Americans and immigrants to the United States |
| Black Exodus | the movement of many freed slaves to the West after the Civil War to become cowhands, railroad workers, or to fight in the India Wars as “Buffalo Soldiers” |
| Land Ordinances | set of laws passed by the federal government that split the land in the West into small square parcels for easy sale |
| Northwest Territory | Land from Ohio to the Mississippi River, including Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin |
| Louisiana Purchase | Bought from the French by Thomas Jefferson and established the right of the Federal Government to acquire new land for the United States (Most of the Middle part of the country) |
| Oregon Territory | Land in the Pacific Northwest (including Oregon, Washington, Montana, Idaho) that was acquired from the British by a treaty in 1840 |
| Annexation | absorbing foreign territory into your country. We acquired Texas through annexation after Americans living their won their independence from Mexico |
| James K Polk | president who rallied for Manifest Destiny and will go to war with Mexico to acquire the rest of Texas and most of the South West |
| Mexican American War | War between Mexico and the United States in the late 1840’s that began to acquire the rest of Texas but American success lead the United States to acquire most of the South West and created tensions between the countries into the 20th century |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | At the end of the Mexican American War, United States acquired California, New Mexico, and Arizona |
| Gadsden Purchase | acquires a small sliver of land in Arizona and New Mexico that established the current Mexican-American border |
| Nationalism | pride for one’s country or culture |
| Individualism | American value that developed as people idealized the hard working pioneer that moved westward alone to establish a new way of life, symbolizing strength and democracy of the common man |
| Andrew Jackson | elected president in 1828, Jackson is known as being the first Western President and a “champion for the common man,” but also got the nickname the Indian Killer when his actions lead to the Trail of Tears |
| Indian Removal Act | The forcible removal of the Native American tribes of the South East to Oklahoma along what became known as the Trail of Tears. Though deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, Andrew Jackson still sent troops to force their removal where many died |
| Sectionalism | Only caring about the interests and culture of your particular region of a country. Developed among the North, South, and West |
| Assimilation | The process by which a group of people give up their traditional culture in exchange for the dominant culture of an area (for example: the 5 Civilized Tribes of Native Americans dressing and living like Europeans) |
| Disenfranchised | not having the ability to vote |
| Defacto Segregation | racial segregation that is not legally stated but expressed culturally by different groups of people choosing to live in different neighborhoods from each other |
| Eli Whitney | invested the cotton gin that made cleaning cotton easier, increasing production, and leading to the need for more slave labor to meet demand |
| Chattel Slavery | system of slavery where children are automatically born and slaves and owned by the masters’ of their parents |
| Yeoman Farmer | poor, small, farmers in the South and West who did not live on the best land and had no slaves, made up the majority of the population of these areas |
| Freedman | Former African Slaves who had been freed by their masters or after the Civil War |
| Henry Clay | Came up with the “American System,” during his time as a Congressman and Secretary of State. It supported tariffs and a national bank to increase industrialization |
| Tariff of Abominations | The South’s nickname for Henry Clay’s tariff, believing it would bankrupt the Southern agricultural business, leading to the Nullification Crisis |
| Nullification Crisis | SC declared the “Tariff of Abominations” unconstitutional and null and void, setting off the first battles between the States and the National Government. Andrew Jackson threatened to use force. SC agrees but stands by their ability to nullify. |
| Abolition | desire to end slavery |
| Seneca Falls Convention | Run by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, this was the first women’s rights convention held in the United States. In 1948 women met in Seneca Fall NY and called for women to have more access to education, property rights, and divorce rights.\ |
| List 4 reasons people moved out west | Gold, Silver, Land, Beaver, Religion |
| List 4 Facts about the Louisiana Purchase | doubled the size of the United States Gave the United States access to the Mississippi River Acquired from the French by Thomas Jefferson, Set up standard that the federal government could buy new land |
| List 3 causes for the tensions between American Settlers in Texas and the Mexican Government. | disagreement over cultural superiority disagreement over the ending of slavery disagreement over converting to Catholicism |
| Why did the Mexican American War begin? | Desire to gain disputed territory in Texas |
| What president was responsible for the Trail of Tears? What was the Trail of Tears? | Andrew Jackson, Forcible removal of Native Americans in the East to reservations in Oklahoma |
| List 3 Causes of Sectionalism | Supporting Tariffs Creating Internal improvements Spread of Slavery |
| What connected the North to the Northwest Territory economically and politically? | Erie Canal |
| How did Northern representatives get Western representatives to support tariffs and a national bank? | Promised to support the building of canals, roads, and to keep land cheap in the West |
| How does the Tariff of Abominations affect free trade according to the South? | Would end free trade by making it difficult to sell Southern agricultural products over seas |
| Which region North, South, or West supported the following: A. Industrialization B. Tariffs from the Beginning C. Tariffs to get canals built D. Spread of Slavery E. Nullification F. Keeping land Cheap | A. Industrialization=-North B. Tariffs from the Beginning-North C. Tariffs to get canals built-West D. Spread of Slavery-South E. Nullification-South F. Keeping land Cheap-West |
Created by:
ahowe
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