Studied the heart, thought that blood is constantly recycled through the heart and arteries and veins carry the blood to and from the heart which acts like a pump.

Thought that the earth orbited the sun.

Studied human cadavers to learn about human physiology.

Said that one can determine what celestial bodies are made of only through precise observation. Made improvements to the telescope.

Discovered gravity. The same act that pulls an object to earth keeps the moon and planets in orbit around the sun.

Disagreed about social contract. People maintained their inalienable rights (life, liberty, property). Gov't protects those rights and absolute rule violates that contract. If a ruler broke the contract they violated natural law and could be removed.

Tried to find perfect form of gov't in "The Spirit of Laws". Adopted ideas of Locke. Believed Britain had the most perfect gov't (3 branches). Checks and balances. Influenced framing of US Constitution.

People are naturally good but become corrupted. People could preserve their goodness if they could choose their gov't. Disagreed with enlightened despotism and strong central gov't. Came up with Social Contract.

Wrote "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman". Advocate for equality of sexes. Considered a hero for women's rights. Ridiculed idea that women were helpless or merely adornments.

Political and philosophical movement in Great Britain and France during the late 1700s that stressed the importance of reason and logic.

Philosophy that says that reason is the base of all truth and knowledge.

The ultimate power in a country is in the hands of one person, usually a king/queen.

Idea that Earth is the center of the universe.

Copernicus' idea that the sun is the center of the universe.

Universal Law of Gravitation

One of Newton's three laws of motion. Every object in the universe is attracted to every other object by a force called gravity.

Form of government in which the executive, legislative, and judicial branches limit and control each other through checks and balances.

Concept that society agrees to be governed by its general will and all individuals should be forced to abide by it since it represents the community.

Countries (often referred to as states) should have equal power in order to prevent any one country from dominating the others.

Deceleration of Independence

An announcement from leaders within the 13 colonies to Great Britain that they would no longer be under British control. Contained a list of complaints against the British king and government.

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Unit 1 Test

Question	Answer
William Harvey	Studied the heart, thought that blood is constantly recycled through the heart and arteries and veins carry the blood to and from the heart which acts like a pump.
Nicolas Copernicus	Thought that the earth orbited the sun.
Andreas Vesalius	Studied human cadavers to learn about human physiology.
Galileo Galilei	Said that one can determine what celestial bodies are made of only through precise observation. Made improvements to the telescope.
Isaac Newton	Discovered gravity. The same act that pulls an object to earth keeps the moon and planets in orbit around the sun.
John Locke	Disagreed about social contract. People maintained their inalienable rights (life, liberty, property). Gov't protects those rights and absolute rule violates that contract. If a ruler broke the contract they violated natural law and could be removed.
Montesquieu	Tried to find perfect form of gov't in "The Spirit of Laws". Adopted ideas of Locke. Believed Britain had the most perfect gov't (3 branches). Checks and balances. Influenced framing of US Constitution.
Rousseau	People are naturally good but become corrupted. People could preserve their goodness if they could choose their gov't. Disagreed with enlightened despotism and strong central gov't. Came up with Social Contract.
Mary Wollstonecraft	Wrote "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman". Advocate for equality of sexes. Considered a hero for women's rights. Ridiculed idea that women were helpless or merely adornments.
Enlightenment	Political and philosophical movement in Great Britain and France during the late 1700s that stressed the importance of reason and logic.
Rationalism	Philosophy that says that reason is the base of all truth and knowledge.
Absolutism	The ultimate power in a country is in the hands of one person, usually a king/queen.
Geocentric	Idea that Earth is the center of the universe.
Heliocentric	Copernicus' idea that the sun is the center of the universe.
Universal Law of Gravitation	One of Newton's three laws of motion. Every object in the universe is attracted to every other object by a force called gravity.
Separation of Powers	Form of government in which the executive, legislative, and judicial branches limit and control each other through checks and balances.
Social Contract	Concept that society agrees to be governed by its general will and all individuals should be forced to abide by it since it represents the community.
Balance of Power	Countries (often referred to as states) should have equal power in order to prevent any one country from dominating the others.
Deceleration of Independence	An announcement from leaders within the 13 colonies to Great Britain that they would no longer be under British control. Contained a list of complaints against the British king and government.
John Locke's Book	Two Treatises of Government

Created by: dingotiger

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