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A.W.S test #1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Enlightenment | An intellectual movement when many thinkers thought the world could be explained by human reason. |
| Natural Rights | Belief that the universe is guided by simple laws. |
| Jean-Jacques Rosseau | a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of the 18th century. His political philosophy influenced the French Revolution and overall development of modern political, sociological, and educational thought. |
| John Locke | Believed that a ruler's power is not absolute; and all people have natural rights. |
| Montesquieu | referred to as simply Montesquieu, was a French lawyer, man of letters, and political philosopher who lived during the Age of Enlightenment. |
| Laissez faire | The flow of commerce without government regulation |
| Thomas Hobbes | an English philosopher, best known today for his work on political philosophy |
| Galileo Galilei | an Italian physicist, mathematician, engineer, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the scientific revolution. (Heliocentric theory) |
| Isaac Newton | Law of gravity. Played a big role in the Scientific Revolution. |
| Nicolaus Copernicus | Started the heliocentric theory and was punished for questioning religious leaders. |
| Market System (Capitalism or Free Market) | Not controlled by government, but by a privately owned business. Goal is to make money. |
| Mixed System | Economy that has features of Market economy and command economy. |
| Traditional | Based on what peoples' ancestors did. Controlled by customs and religious beliefs. |
| Command (socialism, communism) | Controlled by government and what is made, sold, and bought. Goal is equality. |
| Adam Smith | A scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy. |
| Dictatorship | Has total control of his/her nation’s political system. Uses military force to gain power. |
| Democracy | a political system that gives average citizens the opportunity to influence the making of laws for their own society. |
| Theocracy | form of government in which the leader of the dominant religion of a country also serves as the dominant political leader. |
| Constitutional monarchy | Elected Officials(Parliament) Serve as representations of their nations’ ideal characteristics. Laws limit power of ruler. (congress) |
| Absolute Monarchy | A king, queen, emperor, czar, sultan or a pharaoh. One or two rulers for one country. |
Created by:
18walterj
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