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Middle East-SHMS Arm
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Jordan River | Key water source for Israel, Lebanon, and Syria. Many disagreements between countries have happened over usage of this river |
| Tigris River | Begins in the mountains of Turkey and runs parallel to the Euphrates River. Many people in the Middle East live along its banks due to fertile soil |
| Euphrates River | Flows into the Persian Gulf and runs parallel to the Tigris River. Many people in the Middle East live along its banks due to fertile soil. |
| Suez Canal | Connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea and allows trade between Europe, Africa, and Asia |
| Persian Gulf | A shallow arm off the Arabian Sea that holds some of the most important oil fields in the world |
| Strait of Hormuz | Narrow waterway between the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf |
| Arabian Sea | A region of the Indian Ocean bordered by India to the east and Iran to the north. |
| Red Sea | An arm of the Indian Ocean between northeast Africa and Asia. It is linked to the Mediterranean Sea by the Suez Canal |
| Gaza Strip | A disputed territory surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the west and Israel to the east |
| Aquifer | An underground layer of rock and sand that contains water. Many are polluted in the Middle East |
| Uneven Distribution | Water and oil is not divided amongst countries equally in the Middle East |
| Ethnic Groups | A group identified on the basis of religion, race, or national origin |
| Religious Groups | A group identified on the basis of religion |
| Persians | The people who live in Iran |
| Kurds | Ethnic group that lives in the mountains and are a semi-nomadic tribe. |
| Jews | Considered both an ethnic and religious group |
| Judaism | A monotheistic religion of the Jews based on the Torah, founded by Abraham |
| Islam | Muslim religion teaching that there is only one God named Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet. Almost 90% of people in the Middle East follow this religion |
| Christianity | A monotheistic system of beliefs based on the teachings of Jesus Christ |
| Sunnis | Once Muhammad died, this group believed the community should choose the best leader to succeed Muhammad. A sect of Muslim |
| Shia | Once Muhammad died, this group believed Ali should be the next leader since he was in Muhammad's family. A sect of Muslim |
| Literacy Rate | The percentage of adults who can read and write |
| Unitary System | Israel has this form of government in which the central government handles most government functions |
| Theocracy | A government controlled by religious leaders. Iran has this form of government |
| Monarchy | A government headed by a king or queen. Saudi Arabia has this type of government |
| Diversified | Having a variety of parts |
| Private Enterprise | People running their own businesses |
| Command Economy | Government makes all decisions in an economy |
| Tariffs | Taxes on imported goods |
| Quotas | Limit on the amount of a good that can be imported into a country |
| Embargoes | Stopping trade with another country. The U.S. placed one of these on Iran and Afghanistan because we do not support terrorism |
| OPEC | The purpose of this group is to coordinate and unify petroleum prices in order to promote stability in the world oil market. |
| Gross Domestic Product | The total market value of goods and services produced in a country in a year. |
| Human Capital | People who perform labor |
| Capital | Factories or machinery |
| Natural Resources | Things that come from the land like minerals or trees |
| Entrepreneurship | When a person takes a risk to start their own business |
| Ottoman Empire | An empire partitioned by Britain and France at the end of World War I, without regards to where ethnic and religious groups were located. This divided up the countries in the Middle East |
| Holocaust | Killing of millions of Jews by the Nazis in World War II. Led by Adolf Hitler |
| Zionism | The movement of displaced Jews back to their home in Palestine where the Arabs have been living |
| Anti-Semitism | Prejudice or discrimination against the Jews |
| Persian Gulf War | A war in which Saddam Hussein wanted to control Kuwait's oil fields and have more access to the Persian Gulf |
| September 11, 2001 | When Osama bin Laden led his Taliban group in a terrorist attack against America in New York City on the World Trade Centers |
| Major Water Problems in the Middle East Water | shortages, unequal distribution, pollution |
| JET | The order the three rivers in the Middle East go: Jordan, Euphrates, Tigris (moving left to right) |
Created by:
gingerarm
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