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U.S. History
Topic 3 "Reconstruction and Westward Expansion"
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | Program implemented by the federal government between 1865 and 1877 to repair the damage to the south caused by the Civil War and restore the southern states to the Union |
| Radical Republican | Advocated full citizenship rights for African Americans along with a harsh Reconstruction policy toward the south |
| Freedman’s Bureau | Federal agency designed to aid freed slaves and poor white farmers in the south after the Civil War |
| Andrew Johnson | Lincoln's VP who guided the U.S. through the early reconstruction |
| Black Code | Laws that restricted African Americans' rights and opportunities |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 | law that established federal guarantees of civil rights for all citizens |
| Fourteenth Amendment | 1868 constiutional amendment which defined citizenship and guaranteed citizens equal protection under the law |
| Impeachment | Accusation against a public official of wrong doing in office |
| Fifteenth Amendment | 1870 constitutional amendment that guaranteed voting rights regardless of race or previous condition of servitude |
| Scalawag | Negative term for a southern white who supported the Republican Party after the Civil War |
| Carpetbagger | Negative term for northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War |
| Segregation | Forced separation, oftentimes by race |
| Integration | Process of bringing people of different races, religions, and social classes together |
| Sharecropping | System in which a farmer tended a portion of a planter's land in return for a share of the crop |
| Tenant Farming | System in which a farmer paid rent to a landowner for the use of the land |
| Ku Klux Klan | Organization that promotes hatred and discrimination against specific ethnic and religious groups |
| Enforcement Acts | 1870 and 1871 laws that made it a federal offense to interfere with a citizen's right to vote |
| Cash Crop | Crop grown for sale |
| Reservation | Public lands where Native Americans were forced to live by the federal government |
| Sand Creek Massacre | 1864 incident in which Colorado militia killed a camp of Cheyenne and Arapaho indians |
| Sitting Bull | Native American chief known for leading his people during the years of resistance to United States government policies |
| Battle of Little Big Horn | 1876 battle in which the Sioux defeated U.S. troops |
| Wounded Knee | 1890 confrontation between U.S. calvary and Sioux that marked the end of Indian resistance |
| Assimilate | To be absorbed into the main culture of a society |
| Dawes General Allotment Act | 1887 law that divided reservation lands into private family plots |
| George Custer | Union General that led U.S. troops into battle against the Sioux Indians in the Battle of Little Big Horn |
| Homestead Act |
Created by:
Mr. Peirce
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