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History
Mid_term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Narrowing voyage across the Atlantic from Africa to the Americas during which slaves endured meager rations and horrendously unsanitary, cramped conditions | Middle Passage |
| Majority of African slaves lost their freedom | being captured in war |
| Artists of the West African kingdom of Benin were famous for | bronze plaques and sculptures |
| What is the strain of English Protestantism that argued for a total separation from the established Church of England? | separatism |
| What was the first settlement established by the Virginia Company? | Jamestown |
| Indentured servants received what for their labor? | free passage to America |
| The first New England settlement founded in 1620 was: | Plymouth Colony |
| What disease devastated the Indians who traded with the Europeans? | Smallpox |
| Witchcraft in Salem | Puritans believed that Satan's followers actually signed up for their service, At least 20 men and women were accused of witchcraft and executed, hysteria began in Salem, Mass |
| The Great Awakening referred to a renewed interest in | religion and spirituality |
| What was one of the political legacies of the Great Awakening? | emphasis on individual choice |
| The laws governing slavery were called | slave codes |
| What was the largest slave uprising in Colonial America? | Stono Rebellion |
| The Proclamation of 1763 restricted colonists to territory | east of Appalachian |
| The outcome for the French and Indian War ultimately decided the balance of power in colonial North America true or false | true |
| The five regions of the North American British colonies were | New England, Mid-Atlantic, Upper South, Lower South and Back County |
| The first Continental Congress was held in: | Philadelphia |
| Who was the first Secretary of the State? | Thomas Jefferson |
| In response to the __________, Americans began a nonimportation movement that organized boycotts against the purchase of any imported British goods. | Townshend Duty Act |
| During the Constitutional Convention which proposal stated that the new government should be composed of a single executive, a two house legislature and a separate judiciary? | Virginia Plan |
| Who was elected President of the United States in 1800? | Thomas Jefferson |
| _____ in 1765 led to such an out cry from colonists that nine of the thirteen colonies sent delegates to a special congress in New York | Stamp Act |
| ___ in 1764 was the first of many attempts made by the British government to gain tax revenue from the North American colonies. It set off a wave of complaint about taxation without representation | Sugar Act |
| ______ published his "Report on Public Credit" and called for the assumption of state debts | Alexander Hamilton |
| Who said "Give me liberty or give me death" ? | Patrick Henry |
| Who published the pamphlet, "Common Sense"? | Thomas Payne |
| Who captured the "Boston Massacre" in an engraving that would become a key component of Patriot propaganda? | Paul Revere |
| Whose proclamation offered freedom to any slave who joined the British forces in putting down the American rebellion? | Lord Dunmore |
| ______ in the Bill of Rights forbids the government from housing troops in the homes of private citizens | Third Amendment |
| ______ in the Bill of Rights guarantees the people the right to keep and bear arms in a well-regulated militia | Second Amendment |
| ________ was the name adopted by the supporters of the Constitution who favored a stronger centralized government | Federalists and Alexander Hamilton |
| The _____ was the name adopted by the group who opposed the efforts to create a more powerful centralized government | Republicans |
| _____ was the armed uprising in 1794 of western Pennsylvania farmers protesting a new excise tax that led to one of the most serious test of the new federal government's authority | Whisky Rebellion |
| _______ succeeded George Washington as the Commander and Chief becoming the second President of the US | John Adams |
| In noting the power of the press ________ said "All Power has been traced to public opinion" | James Madison |
| __________ was originally printed as a broadside and announced to the British government the reasons for taking up arms against it | Declaration of Independence |
| General ______ scored a major defeat against the British forces under Lord Cornwallis at Cowpens (South Carolina) | Nathaniel Green |
| ______ officially ended the war between the United States and Britain | Treaty of Paris |
| When confronted with President Jackson's Indian removal policy, principal ____ ____ ____ of the Cherokees opted to reject relocation and try to rally congressional support | Chief John Ross |
| The factory system, contributed to new ideas about the family and gender roles true or false | true |
| "Complex marriage" is a system where any man or women who had experienced saving grace was free to engage in sexual relations with any other person true or false | true |
| Elected President in 1848 | Zachary Taylor |
| President who held office during the Mexican War | James k. Polk |
| The 1843 expedition that journeyed on a 2000 mile trek west | Great Migration |
| Stated that residents of a territory should decide the issue of slavery | Popular Sovereignty |
| Banned slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico | Wilmont Proviso |
| Delivered a speech in the Senate titled the "Crime Against Kansas" | Charles Sumner |
| Ceded approximately 55% of Mexico's territory to U.S. | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| Led the Pottawatomie Creek massacre in Kansas | John Brown |
| Hard line defenders of slavery | Fire Eaters |
| President Buchanan decided to use military force to keep the Union together true or false | false |
| The _____ party was founded to help stop the spread of slavery | Republican |
| In the 1848 election, the _____ party platform asserted support for states' rights | Democratic |
| First New England settlement founded in 1620 | Plymouth Colony |
| Built New England, differed from Chesapeake because they married, middle-class, clustered in towns, whole congregations followed minister during Great Migration | Puritans |
| practical approach, Ben Franklin, PA solitary confinement prison | Enlightenment |
| An 1843 expedition 2,000 mile trek west | Great Migration |
| Sued for freedom, his years in a free state made him a free man | Dred Scott |
| Resident of a territory should decide the issue of slavery | Popular Sovereignty |
| Seen as a plot to extend slavery above the Missouri Compromise Line | Kansas-Nebraska Act |
| President who held office during Mexican-American war | James K. Polk |
| banned from all slavery acquired from Mexico | Wilmot Proviso |
| first conflict America fought primarily on foreign soil | Mexican-American War |
| Democrat, played on voting Northerners’ racism, branded opponents “Black Republicans,” suggested that Republicans that opposed slavery were dangerous radicals that favored abolition and racial equality | Buchanan |
| Belief that God intended America to spread west to the Pacific | Manifest Destiny |
| Law passed by Congress 1863 to offset declining volunteers to Union army, declared male citizens and immigrants 20-45 years old to be drafted into Union army, rich could pay $300 fee to avoid the draft, Confederates could dodge draft if they had 20 negros | Conscription Act |
| Decree announced by Lincoln 1862 (took effect 1863) declared slaves in seceded states not under Union army control forever free | Emancipation Proclamation |
| Directive announced by General Sherman 1985 during March to the Sea set aside 400,000+ acres of seized Confederate land for distribution to former slaves in 40 acre plots | Special Field Order #15 |
| Appomattox Court House, Lee surrendered, but Johnson’s surrender signified end of war | Confederate Surrender |
| Southerners victims of misguided and unjustified Yankee aggression, south lost because North was ruthless and had more men and industry | Lost Cause |
| landowner allows tenant to use land in return for share produced on land, kept blacks under white’s thumb | sharecropping |
| What is the strain of English Protestantism that argued for a total separation from the established Church of England? | separatism |
| What was the first settlement established by the Virginia Company? | Jamestown |
| Indentured servants received what for their labor? | free passage to America |
| The first New England settlement founded in 1620 was: | Plymouth Colony |
| What was Tituba's official occupation? | servant |
| What does the term Anglicization meant? | Colonists who emulated British customs & society |
| The Proclamation of 1763 restricted colonists to territory: | east of Appalachians |
| The outcome for the French and Indian War ultimately decided the balance of power in colonial North America true or false | true |
| The five regions of the North American British colonies were | New England, Mid-Atlantic, Upper South, Lower South and Back County |
| Name one of the legal ramifications of the Salem Witch Trails | People were innocent until proven guilty |
| The first Continental Congress was held in: | Philadelphia |
| Who was the first Secretary of the State? | Thomas Jefferson |
| General Horatio Gates surrendered to American troops at Yorktown true or false | false Saratoga |
| The Battle of Trenton was the first armed conflict of the American Revolution true or false | false LEXINGTON |
| The issue of slavery was resolved by the Constitutional Convention true or false | false |
| In response to the __________, Americans began a nonimportation movement that organized boycotts against the purchase of any imported British goods. | Townshend Duty Act |
| During the Constitutional Convention which proposal stated that the new government should be composed of a single executive, a two house legislature and a separate judiciary? | Virginia Plan |
| Who was elected President of the United States in 1800? | Thomas Jefferson |
| _____ in 1765 led to such an out cry from colonists that nine of the thirteen colonies sent delegates to a special congress in New York | Stamp Act |
| ___ in 1764 was the first of many attempts made by the British government to gain tax revenue from the North American colonies. It set off a wave of complaint about taxation without representation | Sugar Act |
| ______ published his "Report on Public Credit" and called for the assumption of state debts | Alexander Hamilton |
| Who said "Give me liberty or give me death" ? | Patrick Henry |
| Who published the pamphlet, "Common Sense"? | Thomas Payne |
| Who captured the "Boston Massacre" in an engraving that would become a key component of Patriot propaganda? | Paul Revere |
| Whose proclamation offered freedom to any slave who joined the British forces in putting down the American rebellion? | Lord Dunmore |
| ______ in the Bill of Rights forbids the government from housing troops in the homes of private citizens | Third Amendment |
| ______ in the Bill of Rights guarantees the people the right to keep and bear arms in a well-regulated militia | Second Amendment |
| ________ was the name adopted by the supporters of the Constitution who favored a stronger centralized government | Federalists |
| The _____ was the name adopted by the group who opposed the efforts to create a more powerful centralized government | Republicans |
| _____ was the armed uprising in 1794 of western Pennsylvania farmers protesting a new excise tax that led to one of the most serious test of the new federal government's authority | Whisky Rebellion |
| _______ succeeded George Washington as the Commander and Chief becoming the second President of the US | John Adams |
| In noting the power of the press ________ said "All Power has been traced to public opinion" | James Madison |
| __________ was originally printed as a broadside and announced to the British government the reasons for taking up arms against it | Declaration of Independence |
| General ______ scored a major defeat against the British forces under Lord Cornwallis at Cowpens (South Carolina) | Nathaniel Green |
| ______ officially ended the war between the United States and Britain | Treaty of Paris |
| Developed in 1827, the _____ was an urban stagecoach that carried up to 12 passengers over fixed routes for a flat fee | Omnibus |
| Pennsylvania's prison system focused the inmates to search within themselves during long periods of | solitary confinement |
| Under the Indian Removal Act, most Indians were sent to | Oklahoma |
| Led the largest slave uprising in American History in 1831 | Nat Turner |
| Market-oriented farming, with its emphasis on efficiency and profit, also transformed _____ _____ and communal patterns of life | Social Values |
| Developed in the 1805s the _____ _____ was a 20-passenger coach pulled on rails by horses, aka "street-railway" lines | horse car |
| The huge profits generated by cotton cultivation prompted the expansion of plantations into the so-called _____ _____ that stretched from Alabama westward | Black-Belt |
| In the ____ system, skilled processes were broken down into simpler tasks that were farmed out to women to do in their homes | outwork |
| When confronted with President Jackson's Indian removal policy, principal Chief _____ _____ of the Cherokees opted to reject relocation and try to rally congressional support | John Ross |
| The expansion of the _____ _____ transformed the countryside in both North & South & fueled the growth of America's cities | Market Revolution |
| At the start of the 19th Century, in the cities and larger towns, most manufacturing was done by | artisans |
| Immediatism was a doctrine that advocated an immediate expansion of slavery False | false, END to slavery |
| A term used among abolitionists in Britain and the United States beginning in the late 1820s to define their stance toward emancipation and to distinguish them from a gradualist approach to abolition) | Immediatism |
| The factory system, contributed to new ideas about the family and gender roles true or false | true |
| A system where any man or women who had experienced saving grace was free to engage in sexual relations with any other person True | Complex marriage |
| In the case Worcester v. Georgia, the Supreme Court ruled that the state of Georgia had not violated the Constitution in their treatment of Indians true or false | false HAD violated |
| Universal public education in first half of 19th Century was also referred to as the | Common School |
| The sale of slaves tore families apart. By some estimates the sale of slaves may have dissolved as many as ____ of all slave marriages | 1/3 |
| This era saw the development of many features of modern schooling including: the assignment of students to grades according to age and ability, the use of standardized procedures for promotion, and | Uniform Textbooks |
| Slaves developed a complex range of behaviors to resist the harsh work discipline and economic exploitation forced on them, including subtle tactics, flight, and | Insurrection |
| Elected President in 1848 | Zachary Taylor |
| Annual Gathering in the Rocky Mountains in which Indians, mountain men, and traders would exchange pelts for goods | Rendezvous |
| Established in 1840 and led to increase in Western migration | overland trail |
| President who held office during the Mexican War | James k. Polk |
| The 1843 expedition that journeyed on a 2000 mile trek west | Great Migration |
| Seen as a plot to extend slavery above the Missouri Compromise line | Kansas-Nebraska Act |
| Stated that residents of a territory should decide the issue of slavery | Popular Sovereignty |
| Banned slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico | Wilmont Proviso |
| The first conflict America fought primarily on foreign soil | Mexican American War |
| Delivered a speech in the Senate titled the "Crime Against Kansas" | Charles Sumner |
| Sued for freedom, arguing his years in a free state made him a free man | Dred Scott |
| Ceded approximately 55% of Mexico's territory to U.S. | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| The belief that God had intended America to spread westward to the Pacific | Manifest Destiny |
| Led the Pottawatomie Creek massacre in Kansas | John Brown |
| Hard line defenders of slavery | Fire Eaters |
| President Buchanan decided to use military force to keep the Union together true or false | false |
| The Republican party was founded to help stop the spread of slavery true or false | true |
| In the 1848 election, the Democratic party platform asserted support for states' rights true or false | true |
| Within three months after the election of 1860 fourteen southern states had left the Union true or false | false |
| American popular culture cast Indians as a serious threat to the unfolding of Manifest Destiny true or false | true |
| Name 3 of the 5 components included in the Compromise of 1850 | Texas surrendered claim to NM, CA's application for admission as free state approved, Slave trade banned in D.C. but slavery maintained, FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW passed, requiring northerners to return runaway slaves to owners |
| First New England settlement founded in 1620 | Plymouth Colony |
| Built New England, differed from Chesapeake because they married, middle-class, clustered in towns, whole congregations followed minister during Great Migration | Puritans |
| New interest in religion and spirituality | Great Awakening |
| Political legacy of Great Awakening | emphasis on individual choice |
| South Carolina’s most important crop (other than rice) | indigo |
| Narrowing voyage across Atlantic from Africa to America’s during which slaves endured meager rations and horrendously unsanitary cramped conditions | Middle Passage |
| Economic system in which market economy, geared toward maximization of profit, determines price of goods and services | capitalism |
| Colony of Georgia was originally set up for | prison reform |
| Gave blacks work autonomy. When tasks completed, they could hunt, fish, garden. | Task System |
| Tobacco cultivation comprised of gang supervised by white man (worked better, task system worked better for rice) | Gang System |
| practical approach, Ben Franklin, PA solitary confinement prison | Enlightenment |
| Puritans believed Satan's followers’ signed up for their service, at least 20 men and women were accused of witchcraft and executed, hysteria began in Salem, MA | Salem Witch Trials |
| Settlement Patterns of New England and Chesapeake | New England clustered to keep an eye on each other (centralized), townhouse - Chesapeake spread out to make room for farms and stayed closer to water and ports (import, export) |
| An 1843 expedition 2,000 mile trek west | Great Migration |
| Sued for freedom, his years in a free state made him a free man | Dred Scott |
| Resident of a territory should decide the issue of slavery | Popular Sovereignty |
| Seen as a plot to extend slavery above the Missouri Compromise Line | Kansas-Nebraska Act |
| President who held office during Mexican-American war | James K. Polk |
| banned from all slavery acquired from Mexico | Wilmot Proviso |
| first conflict America fought primarily on foreign soil | Mexican-American War |
| Democrat, played on voting Northerners’ racism, branded opponents “Black Republicans,” suggested that Republicans that opposed slavery were dangerous radicals that favored abolition and racial equality | Buchanan |
| Republican party was founded to | help stop the spread of slavery |
| Democratic party founded on | states’ rights (slavery) |
| Belief that God intended America to spread west to the Pacific | Manifest Destiny |
| Law passed by Congress 1863 to offset declining volunteers to Union army, declared all male citizens/immigrants 20-45 years old to be drafted into Union army, rich could pay $300 fee to avoid draft, Confederates could dodge draft if they had 20 negros | Conscription Act |
| Decree announced by Lincoln 1862 (took effect 1863) declared slaves in seceded states not under Union army control forever free | Emancipation Proclamation |
| Directive announced by General Sherman 1985 during March to the Sea set aside 400,000+ acres of seized Confederate land for distribution to former slaves in 40 acre plots | Special Field Order #15 |
| Civil War had technological advancements and old fighting tactics, during Industrial Revolution, new advances in train, mini-ball, telegraph, battlefield medicine, embalming, hurting civilians and crops as warfare, cut off supplies to make people go home | Modern War |
| Appomattox Court House, Lee surrendered, but Johnson’s surrender signified end of war | Confederate Surrender |
| Southerners victims of misguided and unjustified Yankee aggression, south lost because North was ruthless and had more men and industry | Lost Cause |
| men eager to acquire riches/power by manipulating black voters (considered traitors), white southerners derogatory term for fellow whites considered traitors to region and race for joining Republican party and cooperating with reconstitution policy | Scalawags |
| slashed taxes & public spending created during reconstruction, white supremacy, violent | Redeemers |
| named for white southern political leaders who returned states to white democratic rule in mid 1870’s, name intended to depict these leaders as saviors of southern society from rule by freedmen, scalawags, carpetbaggers | Redeemers |
| Optimistic phrase white southerners used to describe post-reconstruction south, reflecting souths development of new system of race relations based on segregation & white supremacy, pointing to profound economic transformation | New South |
| landowner allows tenant to use land in return for share produced on land, kept blacks under white’s thumb | sharecropping |
| abolished slavery/involuntary servitude except for punishment for crime, Congress passed (Lincoln) offered no compensation for former slaveholders | 13th Amendment |
| Civil War resulted in | Federal Income Tax and greenbacks |
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