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Vocabulary Thomas 5
Vocabulary Chapter 18-20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sectionalism | a devotion to the interests of one geographic region rather than to those of the country as a whole c |
| Popular Sovereignty | the idea that political authority belongs to the people |
| Compromise of 1850 | Henry Clay's proposed agreement that allowed California to enter the union as a free state and divided the rest of the Mexican Cession into two territories where slavery could be decided by popular sovereignty |
| Fugitive Slave Act | law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | antislavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed northerners the violent reality of slavery and drew many people to the aboltionists' cause |
| Kansas Nebraska Act | law that allowed voters in the Kansas and Nebraska territories to choose whether to allow slavery |
| Republican Party | political party formed in the 1850's to stop the spread of slavery |
| Dred Scott Decision | U.S. Supreme Court ruling that declared African Americans were not U.S. citizens, that the Missouri Compromises' restriciton on slavery was unconstitutional, and that Congress did not have the right to ban slavery |
| Lincoln Douglas Debates | series of seven debates between Republican Abraham Lincoln and Democrat Stephen Douglas during the 1858 U.S. Senate campaign in Illinois |
| John Brown's Raid | incident in which abolitionist John Brown and 21 other men captured a fedearl arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Viriginia, in hopes of starting a slave rebellion |
| secession | act of formally withdrawing from an organization |
| Confederate States of America | nation formed by the southern states on February 4, 1861 |
| border states | Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri; Slave states that lay between the North and the South and did not join the Confederacy during the Civil War |
| Ironclad | warships heavily armored with iron |
| Emancipation Proclamation | order issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union |
| Bettle of Gettysburg | Union Civil War victory that turned the tide against the Confederates at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania |
| Total War | type of war in whcih an army destroys its opponent's ability to fight by targeting civilian and economic as well as military resources |
| Reconstruction | period following the Civil War during which the U.S. government worked to reunite the nation and to rebuild the southern states |
| Wade Davis Bill | Reconstruction plan that imposed two conditions for a former Confederate state to rejoin the United States |
| Thirteenth Amendment | Constitutional amendment that outlawed slavery |
| Freedmen's Bureau | agency established by Congress in 1865 to help poor people throughout the south |
| Black Codes | laws passed in the southern states during Reconstruction that greatly limited the freedom and rights of African Americans |
| Fourteenth Amendment | Constitutional amendment that, among other provisioins, gave full rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, except for American Indians |
| Fifteenth Amendment | Constitutional amendment that gave African American men the right to vote |
| Carpetbaggers | name given to northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction |
| Scalawags | name given to white southerners who supported Reconstruction for private gain |
| Ku Klux Klan | secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights |
| Segregation | forced separation of people of different races in public places |
| Jim Crow Laws | laws that enforced segregation in the soutern states |
| Sharecropping | a system used by southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops |
Created by:
mole151
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