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GA2_E3_Respiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name given to the upper part of the dorsum nasi supported by nasal bones. | 103 Bridge |
| Structure which has a lateral and medial crus to hold open the nostrils. | 103 Greater alar cartilage |
| Name bony components forming the roof of the nasal cavity. | 103 Nasal bone, frontal bone, cribriform plate of ethmoid, body of sphenoid |
| Internally correspond to alae of the nose; has sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hairs. | 103 Vestibule |
| Located bw anterior end of middle concha and the dorsum of the nose; site of an anterior ethmoidal air cell? | 104 Agger nasi |
| Swelling in the middle meatus, marks the position of ethmoid air cells. | 104 Ethmoid bulla |
| Immediated structure that receives ostium of the frontonasal duct? | 104 Ethmoidal infundibulum |
| A ridge within the nasal cavity separating stratified squamous from respiratory mucosa. | 104 Limen nasi |
| Specific structure responsible for forming the limen nasi. | 104 Lower edge of the lateral nasal cartilage |
| Into what meatus does the frontal sinus drain? | 104 Middle meatus via frontonasal duct and ethmoidal infundibulum |
| Into what meatus does the maxillary sinus drain? | 104 Middle meatus via the floor of the infundibulum |
| A structure which drains into the inferior meatus. | 104 Nasolacrimal duct |
| Opening of ethmoidal infundibulum into the meatus. | 104 Semilunar hiatus |
| A sharp mucosal covered ridge of the middle meatus. | 104 Uncinate process |
| Hypertrophied lymphatic components on the roof of the nasopharynx. | 105 Adenoids |
| Meatus into which the nasolacrimal duct drains. | 105 Inferior |
| Give 2 components of lateral wall of the nasopharynx? | 105 Ostia of auditory tubes & pharnygeal muscles |
| Place in which the sphenoid sinus drains? | 105 Sphenoethmoidal recess |
| Specific structure that supports the tracheal bifurcation. | 106 Carina |
| Define a bronchopulmonary segment. | 106 Portion of a lung supplied with air from a tertiary bronchus |
| What is the vertebral level of tracheal bifurcation? | 106 T4/5 |
| Name two pleural recesses? Give function? Structural composition? | 107 Costodiaphragmatic & Castomediastinal All for expansion of the lungs during inspiration. Parietal pleura |
| Name given to parietal pleura over apex of lung. | 107 Cupula |
| Give 2 landmarks present on medial surface of right lung, but not the left. | 107 Grooves for the superior & inferior vena cava |
| Give the origin of the lumbar part of the diaphragm? | 108 Arises from the vertebral column as left & right crura. Also arises from fascial thickenings termed lateral & medial arculate ligaments |
| Fissure separating upper and middle lobes of the right lung. | 108 Horizontal fissure |
| Left lung homologue of middle lobe of right lung. | 108 Lingula |
| Vertebral level of esophageal hiatus? | 108 T10 |
| Greater level of aortic hiatus | 108 T12 |
| What is the vertebral level of hiatus of the inferior vena cava? | 108 T8 |
| Define the root of the lung. | 108 The structures which pass through the hilus = bronchi, vessels, nerves, and lymphatics |
| Name two structures related to the left side of the thoracic part of the trachea. | 106 Left recurrent laryngeal n., arch of aorta, left common carotid a., left subclavian v. |
| Besides the aorta, list two structures which can pass through the aortic hiatus. | 108 Thoracic duct, azygos vein |
| Besides the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, name the other cartilages of the larynx. | 127 arytenoid, epiglottic, corniculate, cuneiform |
| This structure passes upward from the arch of the cricoid cartilage; on its upper edge it is thickened to form the vocal ligaments. | 127 Conus elasticus |
| Laryngeal cartilage located on the upper edge of the quadrangular membrane? | 128 Cuneiform Cartilages |
| Entrance to larynx | 131 Aditus |
| The mucosal reflection over the upper edge of the quadrangular membrane of the larynx. | 131 Aryepiglottic fold |
| Structure over which the mucosa of the larynx is reflected to form the vestibular fold. | 131 Quadrangular membrane |
| Slit-like opening between the true vocal cords. | 131 Rima glottidis |
| Slit-like opening between the false vocal cords. | 131 Rima vestibuli |
| Give the term for the space between the true and false vocal cords. | 131 Ventricle |
| Name given to mucosal reflection formed by the lower edge of the quadrangular membrane. | 131 Vestibular fold (false vocal cord) |
| What muscle of the larynx lengthens and tightens the vocal cord, thus increasing pitch? | 132 Cricothyroid |
| Muscles of the larynx not innervated by reccurent laryngeal n? | 132 Cricothyroid |
| What muscle(s) of the larynx is/are not innervated by the recurrent laryngeal n.? | 132 Cricothyroid |
| What muscle of the larynx inserts on the muscular process of the arytenoid and rotates the cartilage medially, but does not pull the cartilage anteriorly? | 132 Lateral cricoarytenoid |
| What muscle(s) of the larynx act(s) as a sphincter of the laryngeal inlet? | 132 Oblique arytenoid and aryepiglottic muscles |
| What laryngeal muscles aBduct the vocal cords? | 132 Posterior cricoarytenoid |
| What muscle of the larynx extends from posterior surface of the cricoid lamina to the muscular process of the arytenoids cartilage? | 132 Posterior cricoarytenoid |
| Describe the motor innervation (include components innervated) to the larynx. | 132 recurrent laryngeal to all intrinsic muscles except external branch of superior laryngeal n. to cricothyroid m. |
| Antagonist to Cricothyroid? | 132 Thyroarytenoid |
| What muscle of the larynx is an antagonist to the cricothyroid muscle? | 132 Thyroarytenoid |
| Located immediately medial to the thyroarytenoid, it acts to tense the vocal cords? | 132 Vocalis |
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