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Science 8
Final Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do we call the process that all scientists use to propose and test ideas? | the scientific method |
| In an experiment, what do we call the question that we want answered? | statement of the problem |
| In an experiment, what do we call our "educated guess"? | hypothesis |
| What procedure do we use to test our ideas? | experiment |
| In an experiment, what you see, hear, touch, taste, or smell are called your... | observations |
| The metric unit for length is... | meter |
| Length is measured in the unit of... | meters |
| A triple beam balance measures... | mass |
| Mass is measured in the unit of ... | grams |
| The amount of space that something takes up is the objects... | volume |
| The graduated cylinder measures... | volume |
| Volume is measured in... | liters |
| The amount of matter in something, determined by the mass/volume, is the object's... | density |
| Density is measured in what units? | g/cm cubed |
| What is the density of water? | 1 g/cm cubed |
| Objects more dense than water______. | sink |
| Objects less dense than water______. | float |
| What state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume? | solid |
| What state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape? | liquid |
| What state of matter has no definite shape and no definite volume? | gas |
| Which state of matter is least dense? | gas |
| Which state of matter is most dense? | solid |
| Warmer temperatures are caused by ___________ moving particles. | faster |
| Colder temperatures are caused by ___________ moving particles. | slower |
| When heat is absorbed by a solid ________ occurs. | melting |
| When heat is absorbed by a liquid _________ occurs. | evaporation |
| When heat is removed from a gas __________ occurs. | condensation |
| When heat is removed from a liquid _________ occurs. | freezing |
| _________ is heat transfer by objects touching. | conduction |
| _________ is heat transfer by energy moving in waves. | radiation |
| Substances that are ____ and ____ absorb heat energy the most. | dark and rough |
| _________ is heat transfer by warm air molecules rising, losing their energy, and falling down as cold molecules; only to be re-heated and repeat the process. | convection |
| What type of graph shows continuous change? | line graph |
| What type of graph shows data being counted? | bar graph |
| What type of graph shows parts of a whole? | pie chart |
| What is the smallest building block of matter? | atom |
| What are the positive parts of an atom called? | proton |
| What are the negative parts of an atom called? | electron |
| What are the neutral parts of an atom called? | neutron |
| What do we call the number on the top of an element, that all elements are organized by? | atomic number |
| What number is a combination of the # of protons and neutrons in an atom? | atomic mass |
| To get the atomic mass, we add the ... | protons and neutrons |
| The periodic table was designed by? | Dmitri Mendeleev |
| Dry ice is an example of what physical change? | sublimation |
| Is ice melting a physical or chemical change? | physical |
| Is wood burning a physical or chemical change? | chemical |
| Is cutting a piece of paper in half a physical or chemical change? | physical |
| Is a bike rusting a physical or chemical change? | chemical |
| Is spraying your hair purple a physical or chemical change? | physical |
| ________ gives us the ability to do work? | energy |
| ________ energy is energy in motion. | kinetic |
| ________ energy is stored energy. | potential |
| ________ energy captures the energy of falling water to be converted into another form. | hydroelectric |
| ________ energy captures the energy from the sun to be converted into another form. | solar |
| ________ energy captures the energy from within the Earth to be converted into another form. | geothermal |
| What do we call any rhythmic disturbance? | wave |
| What do we call the top of a wave? | crest |
| What do we call the bottom of a wave? | trough |
| What do we call the height of a wave? | amplitude |
| What do we call the distance from one wave to another? | wavelenght |
| As the frequency of a wave increases the __________ of a wave increases. | pitch |
| As the amplitude of a wave increases the amount of energy in a wave ___________. | increases (loudness) |
| What do we call it when a wave bounces off a surface? | reflection |
| What do we call it when a wave is bent? | refraction |
| What kind of wave is a sound wave? | compression |
| What kind of wave is a light wave? | transverse |
| What type of wave needs a medium (molecules) to travel through? | sound |
| What type of wave can move through a vacuum? | light |
| Who made the three laws of motion? | Sir Issac Newton |
| What is Newton's first law? | The law of inertia. (An object in motion will stay in motion or an object at rest will stay at rest, unless acted on by an unbalanced force.) |
| What is Newton's second law? | F = M X A |
| What is Newton's third law? | for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
| _________ is any push or pull. | force |
| _________ is the force that opposes motion. | friction |
| What do we call any object that is thrown? | projectile |
| Speed is the distance an object travels in a certain amount of ________. | time |
| Speed is measured in what unit? | meters per second |
| When an object is moving, what do we call the change in speed/direction? | velocity |
| What is the acceleration of a falling object on Earth? | 9.8 meters per second squared |
| To determine the force of an object you multiply the ______ by the ________. | mass by the acceleration |
| What is the least useful property when identifying a mineral? | color |
| ______ rocks are made from cooled magma or lava. | igneous |
| _________ rocks are made from compaction and cementation of particles. | sedimentary |
| ______ rocks are made from heat and pressure. | metamorphic |
| _________ came up with the theory of Comtinental Drift. | Alfred Wegner |
| ________ boundaries are where plates come together. | convergent |
| What geologic feature can be formed at a convergent boundary? | mountains |
| ________ boundaries are where plates move apart. | divergent |
| What type of boundary causes sea floor spreading? | divergent |
| As the sea floor spreads the rock nearest to the divergent boundary is the _________. | youngest |
| What occurs when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate? | subduction |
| What type of igneous rock is our continental crust mainly made of? | granite |
| What type of igneous rock is our oceanic crust mainly made of? | basalt |
| The San Andreas fault is an example of a ___________ boundary. | transform |
| The Mid Atlantic Ridge is an example of a ____________ boundary. | divergent |
| What do we call the boundary where two plates slide across each other? | transform fault |
| Night and day are caused by the Earth's? | rotation (spinning) |
| The seasons are caused by the Earth's? | revolution (movement around the sun) |
Created by:
Mr.McKeehan
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