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SOL Review List
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Consent of the governed | that the authority of a government should depend on the consent of the people |
| Limited Government | restricted with reference to governing powers by limitations prescribed in laws and in a constitution |
| Rule of Law | the principle that all people and institutions are subject to and accountable to law that is fairly applied and enforced; the principle of government by law |
| Democracy | a form of government in which people choose leaders by voting |
| Represenative Government | a form of democracy established on the principle of a group of people being represented by elected people |
| Charters of VA Company of London | The 'Charter of 1606', also known as the First Charter of Virginia |
| VA Declaration of Rights | Statement of rights adopted by the colony of Virginia in 1776, which served as the model for the U.S. Constitution's Bill of Rights |
| Articles of Confederation | the first constitution of the 13 American states,adopted in 1781 and replaced in 1789 by the Constitution of the United States |
| Virginia Statue of Religious Freedom | guaranteed freedom of religion to people of all religious faiths |
| Constitution: Preamble,Bill of Rights,Article 1,2,and 3 | We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do |
| Purposes of US government | Form a More Perfect Union Establish Justice Insure Domestic Tranquility Provide for the Common Defense Promote the General Welfare Secure the Blessings of the Liberty |
| Immigration | the act of immigrating |
| Naturalization | To grant full Citizenship |
| League of Women Voters | a nonpartisan organization that works toward improving the political process: created in 1920 to inform women on public issues |
| Due Process of Law | A fundamental, constitutional guarantee that all legal proceedings will be fair and that one will be given notice of the proceedings and an opportunity to be heard before the government acts to take away one's life, liberty, or property |
| Methods of Obtaining Citizenship | the state of being vested with the rights, privileges, and duties of a citizen |
| Dutuies of Citizens | Obey Laws Pay Taxes Serve of Jury if asked |
| Responsibilities of Citizens | Vote Getting an Education |
| Electorate | the body of persons entitled to vote in an election |
| Liberal | favorable to progress or reform, as in political or religious affairs |
| Conservative | disposed to preserve existing conditions, institutions, etc., or to restore traditional ones, and to limit change |
| Campaign finance reform | A movement, fueled in recent decades by political candidates' increasing dependence on expensive television advertisements, to restrict the amount of money that individuals and interest groups can contribute to political campaigns |
| Political Action Committees (PACs) | a group that is formed to give money to the political campaigns of people who are likely to make decisions that would benefit the group's interests |
| Electoral College | a body of electors chosen by the voters in each state to elect the president and vice president of the U.S |
| Electors | a person who elects or may elect |
| Lobbying | is the act of attempting to influence decisions made by officials in the government, most often legislators or members of regulatory agencies |
| Functions of Political Parties | Political parties perform an important task in government. They bring people together to achieve control of the government, develop policies favorable to their |
| Strategies for Evaluating Campaigns | A campaign can be seen as an organised, purposeful effort to create change, and it should be guided by thoughtful planning. Before taking action, successful campaigners learn as much as possible about: the existing situation who is affected by the cam |
| Role of the Mass Media in Campaigns | television, radio, newspapers, billboards |
| FCC | An independent U.S. government regulatory agency responsible for overseeing all interstate and international communications |
| EPA | an independent federal agency established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment |
| FDIC | a public corporation, established in 1933, that insures, up to a specified amount, all demand deposits of member banks |
| FTC | An independent federal agency whose main goals are to protect consumers and to ensure a strong competitive market by enforcing a variety of consumer protection and antitrust laws |
| Branches of government | Articles I,II,and III |
| Bicameral | two houses |
| Checks and Balances | limits imposed on all branches of a government, so no branch will gain to much power |
| Separation of Powers | the principle or system of vesting in separate branches the executive, legislative, and judicial powers of a government |
| Expressed Powers | Powers that Congress has that are specifically listed in the Constitution |
| Implied Powers | Power that is not specifically listed in the Constitution |
| Federalism | Division of Powers between state and federal government |
| How a bill becomes a law | Legislation is Introduced Committee Action Floor Action Conference Committee Bill Is Sent To The President For Review The Bill Becomes A Law |
| Roles of the President | Commander in Chief Chief Legislature Chief Administrator Chief of Citizens Chief of the Party Chief Diplomat |
| Ordinance | local laws |
| Judicial Review | a constitutional doctrine that gives to a court system the power to annul legislative or executive acts which the judges declare to be unconstitutional |
| Marbury Vs.Madison | Established Judicial Review |
| Appellate | having the power or authority to review and decide appeals |
| Misdemmeanor | a criminal offense defined as less serious than a felony |
| Felony | an offense, murder or burglary |
| Jurisdiction | the power or right to make judgments about the law, to arrest and punish criminals |
| Civil Law | the body of laws of a state or nation regulating ordinary private matters, as distinct from laws regulating criminal, political, or military matters |
| Probable Cause | an officer or agent of the law has the grounds to obtain a warrant for, or as an exception to the warrant requirements for, making an arrest or conducting a personal or property search, etc |
| Arrignment | A criminal proceeding at which the defendant is officially called before a court of competent jurisdiction, informed of the offense charged in the complaint, information, indictment, or other charging document, and asked to enter a plea of guilty, not gui |
| Plea | a statement in which a person who has been accused of a crime says in court that he or she is guilty or not |
| Plaintiff | the plaintiff is the person or group who is accusing another person or group of some wrongdoing |
| Defendent | against whom a claim or charge is brought in a court (plaintiff) |
| District Courts | The United States district courts are the trial courts of the federal court system |
| Juvenile & Domestic Relations Court | Diputes over money,or domestic realations |
| Circuit Court | A circuit court is an intermediate appellate court of the United States federal court system |
| Court of Appeals | court to which appeals are made on points of law resulting from the judgment of a lower court |
| Virginia Supreme Court | The Supreme Court of Virginia is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Virginia |
| U.S. District Court | The United States district courts are the trial courts of the federal court system |
| U.S. Court of Appeals | The U.S. Courts of Appeals are intermediate federal appellate courts |
| U.S. Supreme Court | the highest federal court in the United States |
| Scarcity | The basic economic problem that arises because people have unlimited wants but resources are limited |
| Resources | a source of supply |
| Choice | an act or instance of choosing |
| Oppertunity Cost | what is given up after a choice is amde |
| Price | how much something cost |
| Incentives | something that incites or tends to incite to action or greater effort, as a reward offered for increased productivity |
| Demand | An economic principle that describes a consumer's desire and willingness to pay a price for a specific good or service |
| Supply | how much of something you have |
| Production | the process of making or growing something for sale or use |
| Consumption | The using up of goods and services by consumer purchasing or in the production of other goods |
| Traditional economy | An underdeveloped economy in which communities use primitive tools and methods to harvest and hunt for food |
| Command economy | a socialist economic system in which production and distribution of goods and services are controlled by the government and industry is mostly publicly owned |
| Mixed economy | An economic system that features characteristics of both capitalism and socialism |
| Free-Market economy | A market economy based on supply and demand with little or no government control |
| Profit | A financial benefit that is realized when the amount of revenue gained from a business activity exceeds the expenses, costs and taxes |
| Compettion | the act or process of trying to get or win something |
| Consumer Sovereignty | The power of consumers to determine what goods and services are produced |
| Proprietorship | the owner of a business establishment |
| Partnership | A business organization in which two or more individuals manage and operate the business |
| Corporation | a large business or organization that under the law has the rights and duties of an individual and follows a specific purpose |
| Entrepreneur | a person who takes a risk of starting there own business for a profit |
| Economic flow | The circular flow of income is a neoclassical economic model depicting how money flows through the economy |
| Global economy | World-wide economic activity between various countries that are considered intertwined and thus can affect other countries |
| Marketplace compettion | A competitive market is a market in which large numbers of producers compete |
| Public goods & servies | goods and serives porvided to the people |
| Federal Reserve System | The central bank of the United States |
| Ways government pay for public goods and servies | Borrow funds from the people |
| 1st Amendment | an amendment to the U.S. constitution, ratified in 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights, prohibiting Congress from interfering with freedom of religion, speech, assembly, or petition. |
| 5th Amendment | an amendment to the U.S. constitution, ratified in 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights, providing chiefly that no person be required to testify against himself or herself in a criminal case and that no person be subjected to a second trial for an offense f |
| 14th Amendment | Define citizenship |
| 16th Amendment | an amendment to the U.S. constitution, ratified in 1913, authorizing Congress to levy a tax on incomes. |
| Qualifications to vote in Virginia | 18 years State Resident US Citizen |
| How to register to vote in Virginia | Online Regrestration |
| Factors of predicting who will vote | Age Gender Education Income |
| Reasons why citizens fail to vote | Lack of interest |
| Self-assesment | is the first step of the career planning process |
Created by:
mmcheese
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