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Middle Ages Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| persecuted | mistreated |
| gentiles | non-Jews |
| archbishops | bishops at the head of churches in large cities |
| lords | Medieval nobles |
| serfs | Medieval poor people bound to the land |
| clergy | religious leaders |
| feudalism | Medieval political system based on the relation of lords to vassals |
| nobles | people having high rank in a kingdom |
| fiefs | pieces of land given to vassals by their lords |
| vassal | Medieval noble who served a lord of higher rank |
| act of homage | ceremony in which a vassal promises loyalty to a lord |
| ladies | noblewomen |
| knight | warrior on horseback |
| code of chivalry | rules knights has to live by |
| page | person who helped knights care for their horses and armor |
| squire | young noble under care and training of a knight |
| dubbing | ceremony in which a squire is made a knight |
| tournaments | contests to test the skills of a knight |
| joust | contest on horseback between two knights |
| castle | large, fortified houses |
| drawbridge | a heavy door that could be raised or lowered to cross a moat around a castle |
| portcullis | heavy oak and iron gate that served as the entrance to a castle |
| keep | strongest part of a castle |
| manors | Medieval estates with a lord and tenants |
| bailiff | Medieval official who saw that peasants did their work |
| freeman | peasants who paid the lord for the right to farm their own land |
| orders | groups of friars |
| cathedrals | churches headed by bishops |
| illuminated manuscript | a written page decorated with drawings, usually in gold, silver, and rich colors |
| friars | preachers |
| converted | changed religions |
| king's peace | protection extended to any area an Anglo-Saxon king visits |
| tapestries | woven hangings used to cover the walls of a noble's home |
| shires | districts in England |
| Eddas | written poems based on stories of Viking gods |
| runes | letters of the Viking alphabet used as magic charms |
| jarls | Viking military leaders |
| berserkers | Viking warriors |
| crusades | wars fought to regain the Holy Land from Muslims |
| heresy | religious belief at odds with church doctrine |
| guilds | Medieval craft organizations |
| apprentice | person who is learning a craft or trade |
| journeyman | person who works under a master for a daily wage |
| masters | expert craftsmen and members of a guild |
| Black Death | a disease that swept through Europe and killed millions of people |
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1301610
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