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American Civil War I
Causes and General Information About the American Civil War
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1861 | The year that the Civil War began |
| 1865 | The year that the Civil War ended |
| Slavery | The practice of holding people against their will, forcing them to perform tasks, and treating them like property, which was one of the causes of the Civil War |
| State’s Rights | Especially popular in the South, the belief that individual states should have authority over the federal government, which was one of the causes of the Civil War |
| Tariff | A tax on goods brought into a country, which was passed to encourage the southern states to buy more goods from northern factories (one of the causes of the Civil War) |
| Secession | The act of southern states leaving the Union to form their own country, which was one of the causes of the Civil War |
| Sectionalism | The attitude of being more loyal to your region than to the country as a whole, which was one of the causes of the Civil War |
| Abolitionists | People who wanted to put an end to (or abolish) slavery |
| Cotton Gin | Eli Whitney’s invention that made it possible to process cotton more quickly, which led to an increase in the demand for slavery |
| Underground Railroad | A system of escape routes to the North, often to Canada, where “conductors” led slaves to freedom |
| Overseers | Persons hired by slave owners to supervise slaves’ work and to punish them if they got behind |
| Slave Codes | Southern laws that shaped the day-to-day lives of slaves |
| Abraham Lincoln | The President of the United States during the Civil War |
| Jefferson Davis | The President of the Confederate States during the Civil War |
| Yankees | The nickname Southerners gave to the Union soldiers |
| Rebels | The nickname given to Southern soldiers |
| Richmond | Located in Virginia, this was the capital of the Confederate States |
| Emancipation Proclamation | document signed by President Lincoln that freed the slaves |
| Gettysburg Address | The short but inspiring speech given by President Lincoln on November 19, 1863, at the dedication of a cemetery to the soldiers who had died at a famous battle sight |
| Border States | The name for the five states, including Kentucky, that did not secede from the Union but had people who sided with the South (which sometimes caused family members residing in these states to fight against each other) |
| U.S. Sanitary Commission | A forerunner of the American Red Cross, this civilian organization tried to improve the sanitation of the battlefields and hospitals to slow the spread of disease and to encourage women to become nurses |
| Hardtack | Hard, unsalted biscuits Union soldiers were often forced to eat |
| Goober Peas | The name that the Southern soldiers gave to peanuts they were often forced to eat due to lack of crops |
| South Carolina | The first state to secede from the Union in December 1860 |
Created by:
Rvanmeter
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