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AS PE Learning Theor

AQA AS PE Theories of Learning

TermDefinition
What is operant conditioning? Learning - strengthening the relationship between stimulus and response/S-R bond Increases the likelihood of the desired response reoccurring Trial & error learning, shaping Learner associates consequences of previous action with current situation
Using an example from a team game, explain the term negative reinforcement. eg in a rugby match-the coach criticises poor play Negative reinforcement – when the adverse stimulus is withdrawn when the desired response occurs Makes required behaviour more likely/ strengthens S-R bond
Explain the factors that can influence the effectiveness of attention, retention and motor production in observational learning. Attention Role model attractive Demonstration can be seen/accurate Retention Can the observer remember/mental image Demonstration is meaningful Motor production Performer has the physical abilities/skills to complete the task/Practice
When teaching new skills, coaches often implement the principles of Schmidt’s Schema Theory. Explain the functions of recognition schema. set of ‘rules’/relationships to help us make decisions about movement patterns Following/during movement Sensory consequences - how it felt eg feedback information concerning performance/intrinsic feedback Response Outcome - what happened/feedback/KR
What implications does Schmidt’s Schema Theory have for the way in which sports skills should be taught? Vary practised conditions by changing initial conditions Realistic/specific practice to activity Build up set of movement requirements eg weight of implement/flight of ball Frequent/lots FB Teach fundamental skills before sport specific skills
Explain the term ‘insight learning’ and suggest how this approach could have a positive effect on learning to long jump. Involves cognitive processes-understand reasons Experiences the ‘whole’ activity - motivating Develop their own strategies Better than being told what to do all the time Able to adjust movements as required
Created by: Havoth
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